Disputool

Arguments Table

Speech	Name	Component	Year	Date
Good evening.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'm Ruth Hinerfeld of the League of Women Voters Education Fund.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We're pleased to be in Baltimore for the first of our 1980 Presidential Debates.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The League is a non-partisan organization.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We're presenting these debates to provide citizens an opportunity to see and hear the candidates state their positions on important issues of concern to us all.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Our moderator is Bill Moyers.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Thank you, Mrs. Hinerfeld.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
My colleagues and I agreed to participate tonight, although the questioners are limited by the constraints of the format, because we thought with the League of Women Voters, that it is desirable to seek a comparison of views on a few issues in a joint appearance by the men who would be the next President of the United States.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Former Governor Ronald Reagan, a Republican Party candidate, and Congressman John Anderson, who is running as an Independent, accepted the League of Women Voters' invitation to be here.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
President Carter declined.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan and Mr. Anderson will respond with their views on certain issues posed by questions from my colleagues: Carol Loomis of Fortune Magazine; Daniel Greenberg, a syndicated columnist; Charles Corddry of the Baltimore Sun; Lee May of The Los Angeles Times; James Bryant Quinn.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Jane Bryant Quinn of Newsweek; and Soma Golden of The New York Times.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
None of the questions has been submitted in advance to either the League of Women Voters, or to the candidates, or to their representatives.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Gentlemen, thank you both for coming.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The ground rules you agreed upon with the League are brief.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Each panelist will ask a single question.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You will have two and a half minutes in which to respond.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
After you've stated your positions in those two and a half minutes, each of you will have one minute and 15 seconds for response.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
At the close of the debate, each of you will have three minutes for closing remarks.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We ask the Convention Center audience to abide by one simple ground rule: Please do not applaud or express approval or disapproval during the debate.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You may do that on November 4.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Having won the toss of the coin, Mr. Anderson will respond to the first question from Carol Loomis.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, opinion polls show that the American public sees inflation as the country's number one economic problem, yet, as individuals, they oppose cures that hurt them personally.	LOOMIS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Elected officials have played along by promising to cure inflation while backing away from tough programs that might hurt one special interest group or another, and by actually adding inflationary elements to the system, such as indexing.	LOOMIS	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
They have gone for what is politically popular, rather than for what might work and amount to leadership.	LOOMIS	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
My question, and please be specific, is what politically unpopular measures are you willing to endorse, push and stay with, that might provide real progress in reducing inflation?	LOOMIS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Miss Loomis, I think it's very appropriate that the first question in this first debate of Campaign '80 should relate to the economy of the country, because it seems to me that the people who are watching us tonight - 221 million Americans - are truly concerned about the poor rate of performance of the American economy over the last four years.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Governor Reagan is not responsible for what has happened over the last four years, nor am I.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The man who should be here tonight to respond to those charges chose not to attend.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I want to answer as specifically as I can the question that you have just put to me.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Let me tell you that I, first of all, oppose an election year tax cut, whether it is the 10% across-the-board tax cut promised to the taxpayers by my opponent in this debate tonight, or whether it is the $27.5 billion tax cut promised on the 20th of August by President Carter.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I simply think that when we are confronting a budget deficit this year - and this fiscal year will end in about 10 days, and we are confronted with the possibility of a deficit of $60 billion, perhaps as much as $63 billion - that that simply would be irresponsible.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That, once again, the printing presses will start to roll; once again we will see the monetization of that debt result in a higher rate of inflation.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Even though we've seen some hopeful signs, perhaps, in the flash report on the third quarter, that perhaps the economy is coming out of the recession, we've also seen the rise in the rate of the prime; we have seen mortgage rates back up again, a sure sign of inflation in the housing industry.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
What I would propose, and I proposed it way back in March when I was a candidate in my own state of Illinois, I proposed $11.3 billion, specifically, in cuts in the Federal budget.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think we've got to have fiscal restraint.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I said at that time that one of the things that we could do, that perhaps would save as much as $5 billion to $7 billion, according, to one of the leading members of the House Budget Committee, was to recalculate the index that is used to determine the cost of living benefits that are paid to civil service retirees, to military retirees.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we ought to ... in addition to that, we ought to pay those retirement benefits on the basis of once a year, rather than twice a year, and save $750 billion.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
In other words....	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
fiscal restraint, I think is necessary.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
your time is up.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Ms. Loomis?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Governor Reagan, repeating the question, and I would ask you, again, to engage in as many specifics as you possibly can.	LOOMIS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
What politically unpopular measures are you willing to endorse, push and stay with that might provide real progress in reducing inflation?	LOOMIS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe that the only unpopular measures, actually, that could be, or would be applied, would be unpopular with the government, and with those.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
perhaps, some special interest groups who are tied closely to government.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe that inflation today is caused by government simply spending more than government takes in, at the same time that government has imposed upon business and industry, from the shopkeeper on the corner to the biggest industrial plant in America, countless harassing regulations and punitive taxes that have reduced productivity at the same time they have increased the cost of production.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And when you are reducing productivity at the same time that you are turning out printing-press money in excessive amounts, you're causing inflation.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And it isn't really higher prices, it's just, you are reducing the value of the money.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
You are robbing the American people of their savings.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And so, the plan that I have proposed - and contrary to what John says, my plan is for a phased-in tax cut over a three-year period, tax increase and depreciation allowances for business and industry to give them the capital to refurbish plant and equipment, research and development, improved technology - all of which we see our foreign competitors having, and we have the greatest percentage of outmoded industrial plant and equipment of any of the industrial nations - produce more, have stable money supply, and give the people of this country a greater share of their own savings.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, I know that this has been called inflationary by my opponent and by the man who isn't here tonight.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I don't see where it is inflationary to have people keep more of their earnings and spend it, and it isn't inflationary for government to take that money away from them and spend it on the things it wants to spend it on.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe we need incentive for the individual, and for business and industry, and I believe the plan that I have submitted, with detailed backing, and which has been approved by a number of our leading economists in the country, is based on projections.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
conservative projections out for the next five years, that indicates that this plan would, by 1983, result in a balanced budget.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have to remember, when we talk a tax cut, we're only talking about reducing a tax increase, because this Administration has left us with a built-in tax increase that will amount to $86 billion next year.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Your time is up.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
...and $500 billion over the next five.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Movers, in addition to saying that this is no time for a tax cut, in view of the incipient signs of renewed inflation, in addition to calling for restraint in Federal spending, 15 months ago, I also suggested we ought to have an emergency excise tax on gasoline.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I say that because I think, this year, we will send $90 billion out of this country to pay for imported oil, even though that.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
those imports have been reduced.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And since I first made that proposal 15 months ago, the price of gasoline, which was then $.80, has gone up to about $1.30.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
In other words, we've had a huge increase of about $.50 a gallon since that time, and all of that increase has gone out of this country - or much of it - into the pockets of OPEC oil producers.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Whereas I have proposed we ought to take.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
put that tax on here at home, reduce our consumption of that imported oil.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Recycle those proceeds, then, back into the pockets of the American workers by reducing their tax payments.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
their Social Security tax payments by 50%.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
That, I think, in addition, would be an anti-inflationary measure that would strengthen the economy of this country.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, I cannot see where a $.50 a gallon tax applied to gasoline would have changed the price of gasoline.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
It would still have gone up as much as it has, and the $.50 would be added on top of that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And it would be a tax paid by the consumers, and then we're asked to believe that some way, they would get this back to the consumers.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But why?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Why take it in the first place if you're going to give it back?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Why not leave it with them?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And John spoke about 15 years ago, on the position that he.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
or 15 months ago, on what he believed in.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Fifteen months ago, he was a cosigner and advocating the very tax cut that I am proposing, and said that that would be a forward step in fighting inflation, and that it would be beneficial to the working people of this country.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The next question goes to Mr. Reagan from Daniel Greenberg.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, gentlemen, what I'd like to say first is, I think the panel and the audience would appreciate responsiveness to the questions, rather than repetitions of your campaign addresses.	GREENBERG	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
My question for the Governor is: Every serious examination of the future supply of energy and other essential resources - including air, land and water - finds that we face shortages and skyrocketing prices, and that, in many ways, we're pushing the environment to dangerous limits.	GREENBERG	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'd like to know, specifically, what changes you would encourage and require in American lifestyles in automobile use, housing, land use and general consumption, to meet problems that aren't going to respond to campaign lullabies about minor conservation efforts and more production?	GREENBERG	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, I believe that conservation, at course, is worthy in and of itself.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Anything that would preserve, or help us use less energy, that would be fine, and I'm for it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I do not believe that conservation alone is the answer to the present energy problem, because all you're doing then is staving off, by a short time, the day when you would come to the end of the energy supply.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
To say that we are limited, and at a dangerous point in this country with regard to energy, I think, is to ignore the fact.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
The fact is, that in today's oil wells, there is more oil still there than we have so far taken out and used.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But it would require what is known as secondary or tertiary efforts to bring it out of the ground.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And this is known oil reserves, known supplies.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
There are hundreds of millions of acres of land that have been taken out of circulation by the Government for whatever reason they have, that is believed by the most knowledgeable oil geologists to contain probably more oil and natural gas than we have used so far since we drilled that first well 121 years ago.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have a coal supply that is equal to 50% of the world's coal supply, good for centuries, in this country.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I grant you that prices may go up, because as you go further and have to go deeper, you are adding to the cost of production.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have nuclear power, which, I believe, with the safest.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
the most stringent of safety requirements, could meet our energy needs for the next couple of decades while we go forward exploring the areas of solar power and other forms of energy that might be renewable and that would not be exhaustible.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
All of these things can be done.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
When you stop and think that we are only drilling on 2%.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
have leased only 2% of the possible.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
possibility for oil of the continental shelf around the United States; when you stop to think that the government has taken over 100 million acres of land out of circulation in Alaska, alone, that is believed by geologists to contain much in the line of minerals and energy sources, then I think it is the Government, and the Government with its own restrictions and regulations, that is creating the energy crisis.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we are, indeed, an energy-rich nation.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I would like to say at this point that the candidates requested the same questions to be repeated, for the sake of precision, on the part of the interrogator.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
So, Mr. Greenberg, you may address Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, I'd like to know specifically, what changes you would encourage and require in American lifestyles in automobile use, housing, land use and consumption, to meet problems that aren't going to respond to campaign lullabies about minor conservation efforts and more production?	GREENBERG	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, Mr. Greenberg, I simply cannot allow to go unpassed the statements that have just been made by Mr. Reagan, who once again, has demonstrated, I think, a total misunderstanding of the energy crisis that confronts, not only this country, but the world, when he suggests that we have 27 years' supply of natural gas, 47 years' supply of oil, and all the rest, and that we really.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
all we have to do is to get the Government off the back of the oil industry, and that's going to be enough.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I agree with what I think is the major premise of your question, sir, that we are going to have to create a new conservation ethic in the minds of the American people.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
and that's simply why I proposed, 15 months ago, the emergency excise tax on gasoline that I did.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I did it as a security measure to be sure, because I would rather see us reduce the consumption of imported oil than have to send American boys to fight in the Persian Gulf.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But at the same time, I think it's going to take a dramatic measure of that kind to convince the American people that we will have to reduce the use of the private automobile.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We simply cannot have people sitting one behind the wheel of a car in these long traffic jams going in and out of our great cities.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We are going to have to resort to van pooling, to car pooling.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We're going to have to develop better community transportation systems, so that with buses and light rail, we can replace the private automobile in those places where it clearly is not energy-efficient.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think that, with respect to housing, when we are consuming, even though our per capita income today is about the same as that of the Federal Republic of Germany, we are consuming about, by a factor of two, the amount of energy that they consume in that country.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Surely, there are things that we can do in the retrofitting, ;n the redesign of our homes, not only of our houses, but of our commercial structures, as well, that will make it possible for us to achieve.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
According to one study that was published a short time ago - the Harvard Business School study - indicated that just in the commercial sector alone of the economy, we could save between 30% and 40% of the energy that we consume in this country today.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
So I think, yes, we will have to change in a very appreciable way, some of the lifestyles that we now enjoy.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, as I've said, I am not an enemy of conservation.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I wouldn't be called a conservative if I were.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But, when my figures are challenged, as the President himself challenged them after I made them, I think it should be called to the attention of John and the others here that my figures are the figures of the Department of Energy, which has not been overly optimistic in recent years as to how much supply we have left.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That is the same Government that, in 1920, told us we only had enough oil left for 13 years, and 19 years later, told us we only had enough left for another 15 years.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
As for saving energy and conserving, the American people haven't been doing badly at that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Because in industry today, we're producing more, over the last several years, and at 12% less use of energy than we were back in about 1973.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And motorists are using 8% less than they were back at that time of the oil embargo.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
So, I think we are proving that we can go forward with conservation and benefit from that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But also, I think it is safe to say that we do have sources of energy that have not yet been used or found.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Greenberg, I think my opponent in this debate tonight is overlooking one other very important fact.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And that is, that we cannot look at this as simply a national problem.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Even though it's true that, perhaps, between now and the end of the decade, our total consumption of oil may not increase by more than, perhaps, a million or 2 million barrels of oil a day.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The rest of the Western world, we are told, may see its consumption increase from 51 million barrels to about 66 million.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And that additional 15 million barrels is going to cause scarcity.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
It is going to cause scarcity in world markets because there are at least five reputable studies, one even by the American Petroleum Institute itself, that, I think, clearly indicate that somewhere along around the end of the present decade, total world demand for oil is simply going to exceed total available supplies.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think that conservation - I think that a change in lifestyles - is necessary, and we had better begin to plan for that now rather than later.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
This question goes to you, Mr. Anderson, from Charles Corddry.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, you and Mr. Reagan both speak for better defense.	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
for stronger defense and for programs that would mean spending more money.	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You do not, either of you, however, come to grips with the fundamental problem of manning the forces, of who shall serve, and how the burden will be distributed.	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
This will surely be a critical issue in the next Presidential term.	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You both oppose the draft.	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The questions are, how would you fill the under-strength combat forces with numbers and quality, without reviving conscription?	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And will you commit yourself, here, tonight, should you become the Commander in Chief, to propose a draft, however unpopular, if it becomes clear that voluntary means are not working?	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Corddry, I am well aware of the present deficiencies in the Armed Forces of this country.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
When you have a report, as we did recently, that six out of 10 CONUS Divisions in this country - Continental United States Army Divisions - simply could not pass a readiness test: that two out of three divisions that were to be allocated to the so-called Rapid Deployment Force could not meet a readiness test.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And in most cases, that failure to meet the test was because of a lack of manning requirements, an inability to fill many of the slots in those divisions.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Yes, I have seen figures that indicate that perhaps as of September, 1980 - this very month - that there is a shortage of about 104,000 in the ranks between E-4 and E-9.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And there were reports.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
public reports not long ago about ships that could not leave American ports because of a lack of crews.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I talked to one of the leading former chiefs of Naval operations in my office a few weeks ago, who told me about 25,000 Chief Petty Officers being short.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But, I think that that is clearly related to the fact that, going back to the time when the all-volunteer Army was created in 1973 - and I worked hard for it and supported it - we simply have failed to keep pace with the cost of living.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And today, on the average, the average serviceman is at least 15% - and I happen to think that's a very modest estimate - 15% below what has happened to the cost of living over that period of time.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And as a result, the families of some of our young servicemen are on food stamps today.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I think that's shocking; it's shameful.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
So, yes, I told the American Legion National!	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Convention, the VFW National Convention - when I spoke to each of those bodies - I outlined a very specific program of increasing pay and allowances, reenlistment bonuses.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That only makes sense.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I would leave you with this thought, sir, to be quite specific in my answer to your question: that, of course, to protect the vital interests of this country, if that became impossible; if I could not, despite the very best efforts that I asked the Congress to put forward, to raise those pay and incentives and allowances, of course, I would not leave this country go undefended.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Corddry?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan, I will just repeat the two questions: How would you fill the under-strength combat forces with numbers and with quality, without reviving conscription?	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And will you commit yourself; here, tonight, should you become the Commander in Chief, to propose a draft, however unpopular, if it becomes clear that voluntary means are not solving our manpower problems?	CORDDRY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Corddry, it's a shame now that there are only two of us here debating, because the two that are here are in more agreement than disagreement on this particular issue, and the only one who would be disagreeing with us is the President, if he were present.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I. too, believe in the voluntary military.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
As a matter of fact, today the shortages of non-commissioned officers that John mentioned are such that if we tried to have a draft today, we wouldn't have the non-commissioned officers to train the draftees.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe the answer lies in just recognizing human nature and how we make everything else work in this country, when we want it to work.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Recognize that we have a voluntary military.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We are asking for men and women to join the military as a career, and we're asking them to deal with the most sophisticated of equipment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And a young man is out there on a $1 billion carrier in charge of the maintenance of a $20 million aircraft, working 100 hours a week at times, and he's earning less for himself and his family, while he's away from his family, than he could earn if he were in one of the most menial jobs, working 40 hours a week here at home.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
As an aid to enlistment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
we had an aid - 46% of the people who enlisted in the voluntary military up until 1977 said they did so for one particular reason, the G.I.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Bill of Rights - the fact that, by serving in the military, they could provide for a future college education.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
In 1977, we took that away from the military.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That meant immediately 46% of your people that were signing up had no reason for signing up.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
So I think it is a case of pay scale, of recognizing that if we're going to have young men and women responsible for our security, dealing with this sophisticated equipment, then for heaven's sakes, let's go out and have a pay scale that is commensurate with the sacrifice that we're asking of them.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Along with this, I think we need something else that has been allowed to deteriorate.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We need a million-man active reserve that could be called up on an instant's notice, and that would be also trained, ready to use that type of equipment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Both of these, I think, would respond to the proper kind of incentives that we could offer these people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
The other day, I just - I'll hasten - I just saw one example.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Down in Texas.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I saw a high school that is military.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Your time is up, Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Fine.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'm sorry.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'll catch up with it later.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You can finish it after it's over.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Moyers.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I must say that I think I have better opportunity, however, of finding the necessary funds to pay what, admittedly, will be very, very substantial sums of money.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We signed one bill.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
or we passed one bill, just a couple of weeks ago in the House of Representatives for $500 million - a half a billion dollars.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That is just a downpayment, in my opinion.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But, unlike Governor Reagan, I do not support a boondoggle like the MX missile.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I've just gotten a report from the Air Force that indicates that the 30-year lifecycle cost of that system is going to be $100 billion.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The initial cost is about $54 billion, and then when you add in the additional costs - not only the construction of the system, the missiles and the personnel, and so on - when you add in the additional costs over the lifecycle of that system, over $100 billion.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I would propose to save the taxpayers of this country from that kind of costly boondoggle.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, let me just say that, with regard to that same missile system, I happen to support and believe in the missile, itself.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But that's not the $54 billion cost that John is talking about.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
He's talking about that fantastic plan of the Administration to take thousands and thousands of square miles out in the Western states.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And first, he was going to dig a racetrack and have it going around in the racetrack so it would meet the requirements of SALT II treaty, and now he's decided it'll have a straight up and down thing, so it can he both verifiable and yet hideable from the Soviet Union.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We need the missile, I think, because we are so out of balance strategically that we lack a deterrent to a possible first assault.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I am not in favor of the plan that is so costly.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And therefore, if I only had another second left, I'd say that that high school class in a military training - 40 of its 80 graduates last year entered the United States service academies; West Point, Annapolis and the Air Force Academy, and to see those young men made me very proud to realize that there are young people in this country that are prepared to go into that kind of a career in service of their country.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
This question comes to you, Mr. Reagan, from my colleague, Lee May.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan, the military is not the only area in crisis.	MAY	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
American cities are physically wearing out, as housing, streets, sewers and budgets all fall apart.	MAY	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And all of this is piled upon the emotional strain that comes from refugees and racial confrontations.	MAY	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, I'm wondering what specific plans do you have for Federal involvement in saving our cities from these physical and emotional!	MAY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
crises, and how would you carry out those plans in addition to raising military pay, without going against your pledge of fiscal restraint?	MAY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I don't think I'd have to go against that pledge.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think one of the problems today with the cities is Federal aid.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
The mayors that I've talked to in some of our leading cities tell!	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
me that the Federal grants that come with.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
for a specific cause or a specific objective, come with such red tape, such priorities established by a bureaucracy in Washington, that the local government's hands are tied with regard to using that money as they feel could best be used, and for what they think might be the top priority.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
If they had that money without those government restrictions, every one of them has told me they could make great savings and make far greater use of the money.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
What I have been advocating is, why don't we start with the Federal Government turning back tax sources to states and local governments, as well as the responsibilities for those programs?	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Seventy-five percent of the people live in the cities.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I don't know of a city in America that doesn't have the kind of problems you're talking about.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But, where are we getting the money that the Federal Government is putting out to help them?	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
New York is being taxed for money that will then go to Detroit.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But Detroit is being taxed for money that, let's say, will go to Chicago, while Chicago is being taxed to help with the problems in Philadelphia.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Wouldn't it make a lot more sense if the government let them keep their own money there in the first place?	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But there are other things that we can do with the inner cities, and I've believed.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I have talked of having zones in those cities that are run down, where there is a high percentage of people on welfare, and offer tax incentives.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The government isn't getting a tax now from businesses there because they aren't there, or from individuals who are on welfare rather than working.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And why don't we offer incentives for business and industry to start up in those zones?	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Give them a tax moratorium for a period if they build and develop there.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The individuals that would then get jobs - give them a break that encourages them to leave the social welfare programs and go to work.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We could have an urban homestead act.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We've got thousands and thousands of homes owned by government boarded up, being vandalized, that have been taken in mortgage foreclosures.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
What if we had a homestead act, and said to the people, for $1 we sell you this house.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
All have to do is agree to refurbish it, make it habitable, and live in it - just as 100 or more years ago, we did with the open land in this country - urban .	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
or country homesteading.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. May?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, let me ask you, what specific plans do you have for Federal involvement in saving cities from the physical and emotional crises that confront them, and how would you carry out those plans, in addition to raising military pay, without going against your pledge of fiscal restraint?	MAY	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. May, I recently saw a Princeton University study that indicated that the cities of America - the large cities of this country - are in worse shape today than they were in 1960.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
It seems to totally belie the claim that I heard President Carter make a few days ago, that he was the first President that had come forth with a real urban strategy to meet the problems of urban America.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Incidentally, just this past week, the crown jewel in that program that he had devised was stolen, I guess, because a conference committee turned down the ambitious plan that he had to increase the amount of money that would be available to the Economic Development Administration for loan guarantees and direct loans and credits.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'm happy to say that, in contrast to that, the Anderson-Lucey platform for America, program for the 80s, has devoted considerable time, and in very specific detail, we have talked about two things that ought to be done to aid urban America.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We call, first of all, for the creation of a $4 billion urban reinvestment trust fund to do exactly what you spoke about in your question - to rebuild the streets, to rebuild the cities, the leaking water mains.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I was in North Pittsburgh - I think it was a few weeks ago, on my campaign - the water mains in that city had begun to leak, and literally, there wasn't money available to fix them.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And until we can begin to recreate the basic infrastructure of the great cities of America, particularly in the upper Midwest and in the Northeast, they simply are not going to provide the kind of economic climate that will enable them to retain industry, enable them to retain the kind of solid industrial base that they need, so that they can provide jobs.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have also provided in our program for a $4 billion Community Trust Fund, and we've told you where the money is coming from.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
It's going to come from the dedication, by 1984, of the excise revenues that today are being collected by the Federal Government on alcohol and tobacco.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That money, I think, ought to be put into rebuilding the base of our cities.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
In addition to that, jobs programs to re-employ the youth in our cities would be very high on my priority list, both the Youth Opportunities Act of 1980 and a billion-dollar program that I would recommend to put youth to work in energy projects, in conservation projects, in projects that would carry out some of the great national goals of our country.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan, your response.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Government claims.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
John claims that he is making plain where the money will come from.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
It will come from the pockets of the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
It will come from the pockets of the people who are living in those very areas.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And the problem is, with Governments - Federal, State and Local - taking $.44 out of every dollar earned, that the Federal Government has pre-empted too many of the tax sources, and that the cities.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
if Pittsburgh does not have the money to fix the leaking water mains, it's because the Federal Government has pre-empted.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, the Federal Government is going to turn around and say, well you have this problem; we will now hand you the money to do it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But the Federal Government doesn't make money.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
It just takes - from the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And in my view, this is not the answer to the problem.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Stand in the South Bronx as I did, in the spot where Jimmy Carter made his promise that he was going to, with multi-billion dollar programs, refurbish that area that looks like bombed-out London in World War II.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I stood there, and I met the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I heard them ask just for something that would give them hope.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I believe that, while all of the promises have been broken, they've never been carried out.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I believe that my plan might offer an opportunity for that, if we would move into those areas and let, encourage - with the tax incentive - the private sector, to develop and to create the jobs for the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, of course, where has the private sector been, Governor Reagan, during the years that our cities have been deteriorating?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
It seems to me that to deny the responsibility of the Federal Government to do something about our crumbling cities is to deny the opportunity for one thing: To 55% of the black population of our country that is locked within the inner cities of the metropolitan areas of our country.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We simply cannot ignore the fact that, in those cities today, we have 55% youth unemployment among black and Hispanic youth.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And why is that?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
It's because they have lost their industry.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And why have they lost their industry?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
It's because they no longer present the kind of viable economic climate that makes it possible for industry to remain there, or to locate there.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think Government has a responsibility to find jobs for the youth of this country, and that the place to start is to assist in the very important and necessary task of helping cities rebuild.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Jane Bryant Quinn has the next question, for you, Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, many voters are very worried that tax cuts, nice as they are, will actually add to inflation.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And many eminent conservatives have testified that even business tax cuts, as you have proposed, can be inflationary as long as we have a budget deficit.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, Mr. Reagan has mentioned that he put out a five-year economic forecast, which indeed he did, but it contained no inflation number.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You have published a detailed program, but it too does not have any hard numbers on it about how these things work with inflation.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
So I would like to ask you, if you will commit to publish specific forecasts within two weeks, so that the voters can absorb them and understand them and analyze them, showing exactly what al these problems you've mentioned tonight - on energy, on defense, on the cities - how these impact on inflation, and what inflation's actually going to be over five years.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Miss Quinn, I would be very happy to accept the challenge of your question tonight, to tell the voters of this country exactly what I think it's going to cost, because I believe that all too often in past elections, politicians have simply been promising people things that they cannot deliver.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
When these Presidential Debates were held just four years ago, I remember the incumbent President, who was willing to debate, President Ford, telling the American people that they simply ought not to vote for somebody who promised more than they could deliver.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, we've seen what has happened.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We haven't gotten either the economies in Government that were promised; we haven't gotten the 4% inflation that we were supposed to get at the end of Mr. Carter's first term.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Instead we had, I think, in the second quarter, a Consumer Price Index registering around 12%.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And nobody really knows, with the latest increase in the Wholesale Price Index - that's about 18% on an annualized basis - what it's going to be.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Let me say this.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think my programs are far less inflationary than those of Governor Reagan.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
His own running mate, when he was running for the Presidency, said that they would cost 30% inflation inside of two years, and he cited his leading economic advisor, a very distinguished economist, Paul Macavoy, as the source of that information.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
He went so far as to call it "brutal economics."	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I've been very careful - I have been very careful in saying that what I'm going to do is to bring Federal spending under control first.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I would like to stand here and promise the American people a tax cut, as Governor Reagan has done.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But, you know, it's gotten to be about $122 difference.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Somebody worked it out.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And they figured out that between the tax cut that Governor Reagan is promising the American people, and the tax cut that Jimmy Carter is promising in 198I, his is worth about $122 more.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
So you, dear voters, are out there on the auction block, and these two candidates are bidding for your votes.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And one is going to give you $122 more if you happen to be in that range of about a $20,000-a-year income.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'm going to wait until I see that that inflation rate is going down, before I even begin to phase in the business tax cuts that I've talked about.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I think, by improving productivity, they would be far less inflationary than the consumption-oriented tax cut that Governor Reagan is recommending.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Ms. Quinn.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, I'll call you for that forecast.	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan, will you publish specific forecasts within two weeks, so that the voters can have time to analyze and absorb them before the election, showing exactly what all these things you've discussed tonight - for energy, cities and defense - mean for inflation over the next five years?	QUINN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Miss Quinn, I don't have to.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I've done it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have a back-up paper to my economic speech of a couple of weeks ago in Chicago, that gives all of the figures.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And we used - yes, we used - the Senate Budget Committee's projections for five years, which are based on an average inflation rate of 7.5% - which, I think, that under our plan, can be eliminated.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And eliminated probably more quickly than our plan, but we wanted to be so conservative with it, that people would see how.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
how well it could be done.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, John's been in the Congress for 20 years.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And John tells us that first, we've got to reduce spending before we can reduce taxes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, if you've got a kid that's extravagant, you can lecture him all you want to about his extravagance.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Or you can cut his allowance and achieve the same end much quicker.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But Government has never reduced Government does not tax to get the money it needs.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Government always needs the money it gets.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And when John talks about his non-inflationary plan, as far as I have been able to learn, there are 88 proposals in it that call for additional Government spending programs.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, I speak with some confidence of our plan, because I took over a state - California - 10% of the population of this nation - a state that, if it were a nation, would be the seventh-ranking economic power in the world.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And that state we controlled spending.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We cut the rate of increase in spending in half.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But at the same time, we gave back to the people of California - in tax rebates, tax credits, tax cuts - $5.7 billion.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I vetoed 993 measures without having a veto overturned.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And among those vetoes, I stopped $16 billion in additional spending.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And the funny thing was that California, which is normally above the national average in inflation and unemployment, for those six years for the first time, was below the national average in both inflation and unemployment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have considered inflation in our figures.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We deliberately took figures that we, ourselves, believed were too conservative.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe the budget can be balanced by 1982 or 1983, and it is a combination of planned reduction of the tax increase that Carter has built into the economy, and that's what he's counting on for his plan.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But he's going to get a half-a-trillion dollars more over the next five years that he can use for additional programs, or hopefully, someplace down the line, balancing the budget.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We believe that that's too much additional money to take out of the pockets of the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Moyers, I'm not here to debate Governor Reagan's record as Governor.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
This is 1980 and not 1966.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I do know that, despite his pledge to reduce state Government spending, that it rose from $4.6 billion when he took office in 1967, to $10.2 billion during his eight years in office.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Spending, in other words.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
more than doubled, and it rose at a faster rate than spending was rising in the Federal Government.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But on his very optimistic figures about his tax cut producing a balanced budget by 1983, and the fact that he is using, he says, the figures of the Senate Budget Committee, that Senate Budget Committee Report does not accommodate all of the Reagan defense plans.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
It doesn't accommodate the expenditures that he calls for, for accelerated development and deployment of a new manned strategic bomber, for a permanent fleet in the Indian Ocean, for the restoration of the fleet to 600 ships, to the development and deployment of a dedicated modern aircraft interceptor.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
In other words, I have seen his program costed out to the point where it would amount to more than $300 million a year, just for the military.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I think the figures that he has given are simply not going to stand up.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Would would you have a comment, Mr. Reagan?	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, some people look up figures, and some people make up figures.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And John has just made up some very interesting figures.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We took the Senate report, of course.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But we did factor in our own ideas with regard to increases in the projected military spending that we believe would, over a period of time, do what is necessary.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now also, with regard to the figures about California.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The truth of the matter is, we did cut the increase in spending in half.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
It at the John doesn't quite realize - he's never held an executive position of that kind.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I think being Governor of California is probably the closest thing to the Presidency, if that's possible, of any executive job in America today - because it is the most populous state.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I can only tell him that we reduced, in proportion of other states, the per capita spending, the per capita size of Government - we only increased the size of Government one-twelfth what it had increased in the preceding eight years.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And one journal, the San Francisco Chronicle, a respected newspaper, said there was no question about the fact that Governor Reagan had prevented the State of California from going bankrupt.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Our final question comes from Soma Golden, and it's directed to Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'd like to switch the focus from inflation to God.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
This week, Cardinal Medeiros of Boston warned Catholics that it's sinful to vote for candidates who favor abortion.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
This did not defeat the two men he opposed, but it did raise questions about the roles of church and state.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
You.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan, have endorsed the participation of fundamentalist churches in your campaign.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And you, Mr. Anderson, have tried three times to amend the Constitution to recognize the, quote, "law and authority," unquote, of Jesus Christ.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Do you approve of the Church's actions this week in Boston?	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And should a President be guided by organized religion on issues like abortion, equal rights, and defense spending?	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Oh, I'm it's my question.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But whether I agree or disagree with some individual, or what he may say, or how he may say it, I don't think there's any way that we can suggest that because people believe in God and go to church, that they should not want reflected in those people and those causes they support, their own belief in morality, and in the high traditions and principles which we've abandoned so much in this country.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Going around this country, I think that I have found a great hunger in America for a spiritual revival.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
For a belief that law must be based on a higher law.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
For a return to traditions and values that we once had.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Our Government, in its most sacred documents - the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence and all - speak of man being created, of a Creator.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we're a nation under God.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, I have thought for a long time that too many of our churches have been too reluctant to speak up in behalf of what they believe is proper in Government, and they have been too too lax in interfering, in recent years, with Government's invasion of the family itself, putting itself between parent and child.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I vetoed a number of bills of that kind myself, when I was in California.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, whether it is rightful, on a single issue, for anyone to advocate that someone should not be elected or not, I won't take a position on that.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I do believe that no one in this country should be denied the right to express themselves, or to even try to persuade others to follow their leader.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
That's what elections are all about.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Ms. Golden.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Okay.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I would point out that churches are tax-exempt institutions, and I'll repeat my question.	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Do you approve the Church's action this week in Boston, and should a President be guided by organized religion on issues like abortion, equal rights and defense spending?	GOLDEN	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Ms. Golden, certainly the church has the right to take a position on moral issues.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But to try, as occurred in the case that you mentioned - that specific case - to try to tell the parishioners of any church, of any denomination, how they should vote, or for whom they should vote, I think violates the principle of separation of church and state.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, Governor Reagan is running on a platform that calls for a Constitutional amendment banning abortion.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think that is a moral issue that ought to be left to the freedom of conscience of the individual.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And for the state to interfere with a Constitutional amendment, and tell a woman that she must carry that pregnancy to term, regardless of her personal belief, that, I think, violates freedom of conscience as much as anything that I can think of.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And he is also running on a platform that suggests a litmus test for the selection of judges - that only judges that hold a certain, quote, "view," on the sanctity of family life, ought to be appointed to the Federal Judiciary, one of the three great independent branches of our Government.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
No.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe in freedom of choice.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I don't believe in Constitutional Amendments that would interfere with that.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I don't believe in trying to legislate new tests for the selection of the Federal Judiciary.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
On the Amendment that you mentioned, I abandoned it 15 years ago.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I have said freely, all over this country, that it was a mistake for me or anyone to ever try to put the Judeo-Christian heritage of this country, important as it is, and important as my religious faith is to me - it's a very deeply personal matter.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But for me to try, in this very pluralistic society of ours, to try to frame any definition, whatever, of what that belief should be, is wrong.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And so, not once, but twice - in 1971 - I voted on the floor of the House of Representatives against a Constitutional amendment that tried to bring prayer back into the public schools.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think mother ought to whisper to Johnny and to Susie, as they button their coats in the morning and leave for the classroom, "Be sure to say a prayer before you start your day's work."	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I don't think that the state, the Board of Regents, a Board of Education, or any state official, should try to compose that prayer for a child to recite.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
The litmus test that John says is in the Republican platform, says no more than the judges to be appointed should have a respect for innocent life.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, I don't think that's a bad idea.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think all of us should have a respect for innocent life.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
With regard to the freedom of the individual for choice with regard to abortion, there's one individual who's not being considered at all.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
That's the one who is being aborted.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I've noticed that everybody that is for abortion has already been born.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I I think that, technically, I know this is a difficult and an emotional problem, and many people sincerely feel on both sides of this, but I do believe that maybe we could find the answer through medical evidence, if we would determine once and for all, is an unborn child a human being?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I happen to believe it is.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I also think that that unborn child has a right to be wanted.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I also believe, sir, that the most personal intimate decision that any woman is ever called upon to make is the decision as to whether or not she shall carry a pregnancy to term.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And for the state to interfere in that decision, under whatever guise, and with whatever rationale, for the state to try to take over in that situation, and by edict, command what the individual shall do, and substitute itself for that individual's conscience, for her right to consult her rabbi, her minister, her priest, her doctor - any other counselor of her choice - I think goes beyond what we want to ever see accomplished in this country, if we really believe in the First Amendment: if we really believe in freedom of choice and the right of the individual.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Reagan you now have three minutes for closing remarks.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Before beginning my closing remarks, here, I would just like to remark a concern that I have that we have criticized the failures of the Carter policy here rather considerably, both of us this evening.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And there might be some feeling of unfairness about this because he was not here to respond.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
But I believe it would have been much more unfair to have had John Anderson denied the right to participate in this debate.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And I want to express my appreciation to the League of Women Voters for adopting a course with which I believe the great majority of Americans are in agreement.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Now, as to my closing remarks: I've always believed that this land was placed here between the two great oceans by some divine plan.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That it was placed here to be found by a special kind of people - people who had a special love for freedom and who had the courage to uproot themselves and leave hearth and homeland, and came to what, in the beginning, was the most undeveloped wilderness possible.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We came from 100 different corners of the earth.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We spoke a multitude of tongues.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
We landed on this Eastern shore and then went out over the mountains and the prairies and the deserts and the far western mountains to the Pacific, building cities and towns and farms, and schools and churches.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
If wind, water or fire destroyed them, we built them again.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And in so doing, at the same time, we built a new breed of human called an American - a proud, an independent., and a most compassionate individual, for the most part.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Two hundred years ago, Tom Paine, when the 13 tiny colonies were trying to become a nation, said, we have it in our power to begin the world over again.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Today.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
we're confronted with the horrendous problems that we've discussed here tonight.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
And some people in high positions of leadership, tell us that the answer is to retreat.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That the best is over.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we must cut back.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we must share in an ever-increasing scarcity.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
That we must, in the failure to be able to protect our national security as it is today, we must not be provocative to any possible adversary.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Well, we, the living Americans, have gone through four wars.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We've gone through a Great Depression in our lifetime that literally was worldwide and almost brought us to our knees.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
But we came through all of those things and we achieved even new heights and new greatness.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The living Americans today have fought harder, paid a higher price for freedom, and done more to advance the dignity of man than any people who ever lived on this earth.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
For 200 years, we've lived in the future, believing that tomorrow would be better than today, and today would be better than yesterday.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I still believe that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I'm not running for the Presidency because I believe that I can solve the problems we've discussed tonight.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe the people of this country can, and together, we can begin the world over again.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We can meet our destiny - and that destiny to build a land here that will be, for all mankind, a shining city on a hill.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think we ought to get at it.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Anderson, you have the final three minutes.	MOYERS	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Mr. Movers, President Carter was not right a few weeks ago when he said that the American people were confronted with only two choices, with only two men, and with only two parties.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I think you've seen tonight in this debate that Governor Reagan and I have agreed on exactly one thing - we are both against the reimposition of a peacetime draft.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
We have disagreed, I believe, on virtually every other issue.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
I respect him for showing tonight - for appearing here, and I thank the League of Women Voters for the opportunity that they have given me.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I am running for President as an Independent because I believe our country is in trouble.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
I believe that all of us are going to have to begin to work together to solve our problems.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
If you think that I am a spoiler, consider these facts: Do you really think that our economy is healthy?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Do you really think that 8 million Americans being out of work and the 50% unemployment among the youth of our country are acceptable?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Do you really think that our armed forces are really acceptably strong in those areas of conventional capability where they should be?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Do you think that our political institutions are working the way they should when literally only half of our citizens vote?	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
I don't think you do think that.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
And therefore, I think you ought to consider doing something about it, and voting for an Independent in 1980.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
You know, a generation of office seekers has tried to tell the American people that they could get something for nothing.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
It's been a time, therefore, of illusion and false hopes, and the longer it continues, the more dangerous it becomes.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
We've got to stop drifting.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
What I wish tonight so desperately is that we had had more time to talk about some of the other issues that are so fundamentally important.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
A great historian, Henry Steele Commager, said that in their lust for victory, neither traditional party is looking beyond November.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
And he went on to cite three issues that their platforms totally ignore: atomic warfare, Presidential Directive 59 notwithstanding.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
If we don't resolve that issue, all others become irrelevant.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
The issue of our natural resources; the right of posterity to inherit the earth, and what kind of earth will it be?	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
The issue of nationalism - the recognition, he says, that every major problem confronting us is global, and cannot be solved by nationalism here or elsewhere - that is chauvinistic, that is parochial, that is as anachronistic as states' rights was in the days of Jefferson Davis.	John B. Anderson	Premise	1980	21 Sep 1980
Those are some of the great issues - atomic warfare, the use of our natural resources, and the issue of nationalism - that I intend to be talking about in the remaining six weeks of this campaign, and I dare hope that the American people will be listening and that they will see that an Independent government of John Anderson and Patrick Lucey can give us the kind of coalition government that we need in 1980 to begin to solve our problems.	John B. Anderson	Claim	1980	21 Sep 1980
Thank you.	John B. Anderson	O	1980	21 Sep 1980
Good evening.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm Ruth Hinerfeld of the League of Women Voters Education Fund.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Next Tuesday is Election Day.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Before going to the polls, voters want to understand the issues and know the candidates' positions.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Tonight, voters will have an opportunity to see and hear the major party candidates for the Presidency state their views on issues that affect us all.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The League of Women Voters is proud to present this Presidential Debate.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Our moderator is Howard K. Smith.	Ruth Hinerfeld	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you, Mrs. Hinerfeld.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The League of Women Voters is pleased to welcome to the Cleveland, Ohio, Convention Center Music Hall President Jimmy Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
the Democratic Party's candidate for reelection to the Presidency.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
and Governor Ronald Reagan of California, the Republican Party's candidate for the Presidency.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The candidates will debate questions on domestic, economic, foreign policy, and national security issues.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The questions are going to be posed by a panel of distinguished journalists who are here with me.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Marvin Stone, the editor of U.S. News & World Report; Harry Ellis, national correspondent of the Christian Science Monitor; William Hilliard, assistant managing editor of the Portland Oregonian; Barbara Walters, correspondent, ABC News.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The ground rules for this, as agreed by you gentlemen, are these: Each panelist down here will ask a question, the same question, to each of the two candidates.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
After the two candidates have answered, a panelist will ask follow-up questions to try to sharpen the answers.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The candidates will then have an opportunity each to make a rebuttal.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
That will constitute the first half of the debate, and I will state the rules for the second half later on.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The candidates are not permitted to bring prepared notes to the podium, but are permitted to make notes during the debate.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
If the candidates exceed the allotted time agreed on, I will reluctantly but certainly interrupt.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We ask the Convention Center audience here to abide by one ground rule.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Please do not applaud or express approval or disapproval during the debate.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, based on the toss of the coin, Governor Reagan will respond to the first question from Marvin Stone.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor, as you're well aware, the question of war and peace has emerged as a central issue in this campaign in the give and take of recent weeks.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter has been criticized for responding late to aggressive Soviet impulses, for insufficient build-up of our armed forces.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
and a paralysis in dealing with Afghanistan and Iran.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have been criticized for being all too quick to advocate the use of lots of muscle - military action - to deal with foreign crises.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Specifically, what are the differences between the two of you on the uses of American military power?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I don't know what the differences might be, because I don't know what Mr. Carter's policies are.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I do know what he has said about mine.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I'm only here to tell you that I believe with all my heart that our first priority must be world peace, and that use of force is always and only a last resort, when everything else has failed, and then only with regard to our national security.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, I believe, also, that this meeting this mission, this responsibility for preserving the peace, which I believe is a responsibility peculiar to our country, and that we cannot shirk our responsibility as a leader of the free world because we're the only ones that can do it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Therefore, the burden of maintaining the peace falls on us.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And to maintain that peace requires strength.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
America has never gotten in a war because we were too strong.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We can get into a war by letting events get out of hand, as they have in the last three and a half years under the foreign policies of this Administration of Mr. Carter's, until we're faced each time with a crisis.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And good management in preserving the peace requires that we control the events and try to intercept before they become a crisis.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have seen four wars in my lifetime.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm a father of sons; I have a grandson.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I don't ever want to see another generation of young Americans bleed their lives into sandy beachheads in the Pacific, or rice paddies and jungles in the in Asia or the muddy battlefields of Europe.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Stone, do you have a follow-up question for the Governor?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor, we've been hearing that the defense build-up that you would associate yourself with would cost tens of billions of dollars more than is now contemplated.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Assuming that the American people are ready to bear this cost, they nevertheless keep asking the following question: How do you reconcile huge increases in military outlays with your promise of substantial tax cuts and of balancing the budget, which in this fiscal year, the one that just ended, ran more than $60 billion in the red?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Stone, I have submitted an economic plan that I have worked out in concert with a number of fine economists in this country, all of whom approve it, and believe that over a five year projection, this plan can permit the extra spending for needed refurbishing of our defensive posture, that it can provide for a balanced budget by 1983 if not earlier, and that we can afford - along with the cuts that I have proposed in Government.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
spending - we can afford the tax cuts I have proposed and probably mainly because Mr. Carter's economic policy has built into the next five years, and on beyond that, a tax increase that will be taking $86 billion more out of the people's pockets than was taken this year.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And my tax cut does not come close to eliminating that $86 billion increase.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm only reducing the amount of the increase.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In other words, what I'm talking about is not putting government back to getting less money than government's been getting, but simply cutting the increase in in spending.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The same question now goes to President Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, would you like to have the question repeated?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, President Carter, the question of war and peace, a central issue in this campaign.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You've been criticized for, in the give and take, for responding late to aggressive Soviet impulses, for an insufficient build-up of our armed forces, and a paralysis in dealing with Afghanistan and Iran.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, on the other hand, has been criticized for being all too quick to advocate the use of lots of muscle - military action - to deal with foreign crises such as I have mentioned.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Specifically, what are the differences between the two of you on the uses of American military power?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Stone, I've had to make thousands of decisions since I've been President, serving in the Oval Office.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And with each one of those decisions that affect the future of my country, I have learned in the process.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think I'm a much wiser and more experienced man than I was when I debated four years ago against President Ford.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've also learned that there are no simple answers to complicated questions.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
H. L. Mencken said that for every problem there's a simple answer.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It would be neat and plausible and wrong.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The fact is that this nation, in the eight years before I became President, had its own military strength decreased.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Seven out of eight years, the budget commitments for defense went down, 37% in all.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Since I've been in office, we've had a steady, carefully planned, methodical but, very effective increase in our commitment for defense.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
But what we've done is use that enormous power and prestige and military strength of the United States to preserve the peace.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've not only kept peace for our own country, but we've been able to extend the benefits of peace to others.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the Middle East, we've worked for a peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, successfully, and have tied ourselves together with Israel and Egypt in a common defense capability.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is a very good step forward for our nation's security, and we'll continue to do as we have done in the past.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I might also add that there are decisions that are made in the Oval Office by every President which are profound in nature.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
There are always trouble spots in the world, and how those troubled areas are addressed by a President alone in that Oval Office affects our nation directly, the involvement of the United States and also our American interests.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is a basic decision that has to be made so frequently, by every President who serves.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is what I have tried to do successfully by keeping our country at peace.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Stone, do you have a follow-up for?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would like to be a little more specific on the use of military power and let's talk about one area for a moment.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Under what circumstances would you use military forces to deal with, for example, a shut-off of the Persian Oil Gulf [sic] if that should occur, or to counter Russian expansion beyond Afghanistan into either Iran or Pakistan?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I ask this question in view of charges that we are woefully unprepared to project sustained - and I emphasize the word sustained - power in that part of the world.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Stone, in my State of the Union address earlier this year, I pointed out that any threat to the stability or security of the Persian Gulf would be a threat to the security of our own country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the past, we have not had an adequate military presence in that region.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now we have two major carrier task forces.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have access to facilities in five different areas of that region.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we've made it clear that working with our allies and others, that we are prepared to address any foreseeable eventuality which might interrupt commerce with that crucial area of the world.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
But in doing this, we have made sure that we address this question peacefully, not injecting American military forces into combat, but letting the strength of our nation be felt in a beneficial way.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This, I believe, has assured that our interests will be protected in the Persian Gulf region, as we have done in the Middle East and throughout the world.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, you have a minute to comment or rebut.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well yes, I question the figure about the decline in defense spending under the two previous Administrations in the preceding eight years to this Administration.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would call to your attention that we were in a war that wound down during those eight years, which of course made a change in military spending because of turning from war to peace.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I also would like to point out that Republican presidents in those years, faced with a Democratic majority in both houses of the Congress, found that their requests for defense budgets were very often cut.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, Gerald Ford left a five-year projected plan for a military build-up to restore our defenses, and President Carter's administration reduced that by 38%, cut 60 ships out of the Navy building program that had been proposed, and stopped the the B-l, delayed the cruise missile, stopped the production line for the Minuteman missile, stopped the Trident or delayed the Trident submarine, and now is planning a mobile military force that can be delivered to various spots in the world which does make me question his assaults on whether I am the one who is quick to look for use of force.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you have the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well, there are various elements of defense.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
One is to control nuclear weapons, which I hope we'll get to later on because that is the most important single issue in this campaign.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Another one is how to address troubled areas of the world.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think, habitually, Governor Reagan has advocated the injection of military forces into troubled areas, when I and my predecessors - both Democrats and Republicans - have advocated resolving those troubles in those difficult areas of the world peacefully, diplomatically, and through negotiation.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
In addition to that, the build-up of military forces is good for our country because we've got to have military strength to preserve the peace.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But I'll always remember that the best weapons are the ones that are never fired in combat, and the best soldier is one who never has to lay his life down on the field of battle.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Strength is imperative for peace, but the two must go hand in hand.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you gentlemen.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The next question is from Harry Ellis to President Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, when you were elected in 1976, the Consumer Price Index stood at 4.8%.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It now stands at more than 12%.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Perhaps more significantly, the nation's broader, underlying inflation rate has gone up from 7% to 9%.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, a part of that was due to external factors beyond U.S. control, notably the more than doubling.	ELLIS	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
of oil prices by OPEC last year.	ELLIS	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Because the United States remains vulnerable to such external shocks, can inflation in fact be controlled?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
If so, what measures would you pursue in a second term?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Again it's important to put the situation in perspective.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
In 1974, we had a so-called oil shock, wherein the price of OPEC oil was raised to an extraordinary degree.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We had an even worse oil shock in 1979.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In 1974, we had the worst recession, the deepest and most penetrating recession since the Second World War.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The recession that resulted this time was the briefest since the Second World War.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
In addition, we've brought down inflation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Earlier this year, in the first quarter, we did have a very severe inflation pressure brought about by the OPEC price increase.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It averaged about 18% in the first quarter of this year.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the second quarter, we had dropped it down to about 13%.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The most recent figures, the last three months, on the third quarter of this year, the inflation rate is 7% - still too high, but it illustrates very vividly that in addition to providing an enormous number of jobs - nine million new jobs in the last three and a half years - that the inflationary threat is still urgent on us.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I notice that Governor Reagan recently mentioned the Reagan-Kemp-Roth proposal.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
which his own running mate, George Bush, described as voodoo economics, and said that it would result in a 30% inflation rate.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And Business Week, which is not a Democratic publication, said that this Reagan-Kemp-Roth proposal - and I quote them, I think - was completely irresponsible and would result in inflationary pressures which would destroy this nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
So our proposals are very sound and very carefully considered to stimulate jobs, to improve the industrial complex of this country, to create tools for American workers, and at the same time would be anti-inflationary in nature.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
So to add nine million new jobs, to control inflation, and to plan for the future with an energy policy now intact as a foundation is our plan for the years ahead.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Ellis, do you have a follow-up question for Mr. Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, you have mentioned the creation of nine million new jobs.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
At the same time, the unemployment rate still hangs high, as does the inflation rate.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, I wonder, can you tell us what additional policies you would pursue in a second administration in order to try to bring down that inflation rate?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And would it be an act of leadership to tell the American people they are going to have to sacrifice to adopt a leaner lifestyle for some time to come?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have demanded that the American people sacrifice, and they have done very well.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
As a matter of fact, we're importing today about one-third less oil from overseas than we did just a year ago.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've had a 25% reduction since the first year I was in office.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
At the same time, as I have said earlier, we have added about nine million net new jobs in that period of time - a record never before achieved.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Also, the new energy policy has been predicated on two factors: One is conservation, which requires sacrifice, and the other one, increase in production of American energy, which is going along very well - more coal this year than ever before in American history, more oil and gas wells drilled this year than ever before in history.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The new economic revitalization program that we have in mind, which will be implemented next year, would result in tax credits which would let business invest in new tools and new factories to create even more new jobs - about one million in the next two years.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we also have planned a youth employment program which would encompass 600,000 jobs for young people.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
This has already passed the House, and it has an excellent prospect to pass the Senate.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, the same question goes to Governor Reagan.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, would you like to have the question repeated?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, during the past four years, the Consumer Price Index has risen from 4.8% to currently over 12%.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And perhaps more significantly, the nation's broader, underlying rate of inflation has gone up from 7% to 9%.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, a part of that has been due to external factors beyond U.S. control, notably the more than doubling of OPEC oil prices last year, which leads me to ask you whether, since the United States remains vulnerable to such external shocks, can inflation in fact be controlled?	ELLIS	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
If so, specifically what measures would you pursue`?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Ellis, I think this idea that has been spawned here in our country that inflation somehow came upon us like a plague and therefore it's uncontrollable and no one can do anything about it, is entirely spurious and it's dangerous to say this to the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
When Mr. Carter became President, inflation was 4.8%, as you said.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It had been cut in two by President Gerald Ford.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It is now running at 12.7%.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter also has spoken of the new jobs created.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well, we always, with the normal growth in our country and increase in population, increase the number of jobs.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But that can't hide the fact that there are eight million men and women out of work in America today, and two million of those lost their jobs in just the last few months.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Carter had also promised that he would not use unemployment as a tool to fight against inflation.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And yet, his 1980 economic message stated that we would reduce productivity and gross national product and increase unemployment in order to get a handle on inflation, because in January, at the beginning of the year, it was more than 18%.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Since then, he has blamed the people for inflation, OPEC, he has blamed the Federal Reserve system, he has blamed the lack of productivity of the American people, he has then accused the people of living too well and that we must share in scarcity, we must sacrifice and get used to doing with less.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We don't have inflation because the people are living too well.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have inflation because the Government is living too well.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the last statement, just a few days ago, was a speech to the effect that we have inflation because Government revenues have not kept pace with Government spending.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I see my time is running out here.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'll have to get this out very fast.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, you can lick inflation by increasing productivity and by decreasing the cost of government to the place that we have balanced budgets, and are no longer grinding out printing press money, flooding the market with it because the Government is spending more than it takes in.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And my economic plan calls for that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The President's economic plan calls for increasing the taxes to the point that we finally take so much money away from the people that we can balance the budget in that way.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But we will have a very poor nation and a very unsound economy if we follow that path.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
A follow-up, Mr. Ellis?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have centered on cutting Government spending in what you have just said about your own policies.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have also said that you would increase defense spending.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Specifically, where would you cut Government spending if you were to increase defense spending and also cut taxes, so that, presumably.	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Federal revenues would shrink?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
most people, when they think about cutting Government spending, they think in terms of eliminating necessary programs or wiping out something, some service that Government is supposed to perform.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I believe that there is enough extravagance and fat in government.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
As a matter of fact, one of the secretaries of HEW under Mr. Carter testified that he thought there was $7 billion worth of fraud and waste in welfare and in the medical programs associated with it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've had the Central Accounting.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Office estimate that there is probably tens of billions of dollars that is lost in fraud alone, and they have added that waste adds even more to that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have a program for a gradual reduction of Government spending based on these theories, and I have a task force now that has been working on where those cuts could be made.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm confident that it can be done and that it will reduce inflation because I did it in California.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And inflation went down below the national average in California when we returned the money to the people and reduced Government spending.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan's proposal, the Reagan-Kemp-Roth proposal, is one of the most highly inflationary ideas that ever has been presented to the American public.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
He would actually have to cut Government spending by at least $130 billion in order to balance the budget under this ridiculous proposal.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I notice that his task force that is working for his future plans had some of their ideas revealed in The Wall Street Journal this week.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
One of those ideas was to repeal the minimum wage, and several times this year, Governor Reagan has said that the major cause of unemployment is the minimum wage.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is a heartless kind of approach to the working families of our country, which is typical of many Republican leaders of the past, but, I think, has been accentuated under Governor Reagan.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
In California - I'm surprised Governor Reagan brought this up - he had the three largest tax increases in the history of that state under his administration.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
He more than doubled state spending while he was Governor - 122% increase - and had between a 20% and 30% increase in the number of employees	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Sorry to interrupt, Mr. Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
in California.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you, sir.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan has the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The figures that the President has just used about California is a distortion of the situation there, because while I was Governor of California, our spending in California increased less per capita than the spending in Georgia while Mr. Carter was Governor of Georgia in the same four years.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The size of government increased only one-sixth in California of what it increased in proportion to the population in Georgia.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the idea that my tax-cut proposal is inflationary: I would like to ask the President why is it inflationary to let the people keep more of their money and spend it the way that they like, and it isn't inflationary to let him take that money and spend it the way he wants?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I wish that question need not be rhetorical, but it must be because we've run out of time on that.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, the third question to Governor Reagan from William Hilliard.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, the decline of our cities has been hastened by the continual rise in crime, strained race relations, the fall in the quality of public education, persistence of abnormal poverty in a rich nation, and a decline in the services to the public.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The signs seem to point toward a deterioration that could lead to the establishment of a permanent underclass in the cities.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What, specifically, would you do in the next four years to reverse this trend?	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have been talking to a number of Congressmen who have much the same idea that I have, and that is that in the inner city areas, that in cooperation with the local government and the national Government, and using tax incentives and with cooperating with the private sector, that we have development zones.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Let the local entity, the city, declare this particular area, based on the standards of the percentage of people on welfare, unemployed, and so forth, in that area.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And then, through tax incentives, induce the creation of businesses providing jobs and so forth in those areas.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The elements of government through these tax incentives For example, a business that would not have, for a period of time, an increase in the property tax reflecting its development of the unused property that it was making wouldn't be any loss to the city because the city isn't getting any tax from that now.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And there would simply be a delay, and on the other hand, many of the people who would then be given jobs are presently wards of the Government and it wouldn't hurt to give them a tax incentive, because they... that wouldn't be costing Government anything either.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think there are things to do in this regard.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I stood in the South Bronx on the exact spot that President Carter stood on in 1977.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have to see it to believe it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It looks like a bombed-out city - great, gaunt skeletons of buildings.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Windows smashed out, painted on one of them "Unkept promises;" on another, "Despair."	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And this was the spot at which President Carter had promised that he was going to bring in a vast program to rebuild this department.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
There are whole or this area there are whole blocks of land that are left bare, just bulldozed down flat.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And nothing has been done, and they are now charging to take tourists there to see this terrible desolation.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I talked to a man just briefly there who asked me one simple question: "Do I have reason to hope that I can someday take care of my family again?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Nothing has been done."	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Follow-up.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Hilliard	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Blacks and other non-whites are increasing.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
in numbers in our cities.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Many of them feel that they are facing a hostility from whites that prevents them from joining the economic mainstream of our society.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is racial confrontation in the schools, on jobs, and in housing, as non-whites seek to reap the benefits of a free society.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What do you think is the nation's future as a multi-racial society?	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I believe in it.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I am eternally optimistic, and I happen to believe that we've made great progress from the days when I was young and when this country didn't even know it had a racial problem.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I know those things can grow out of despair in an inner city, when there's hopelessness at home, lack of work, and so forth.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But I believe that all of us together, and I believe the Presidency is what Teddy Roosevelt said it was.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It's a bully pulpit.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I think that something can be done from there, because a goal for all of us should be that one day, things will be done neither because of nor in spite of any of the differences between us - ethnic differences or racial differences, whatever they may be - that we will have total equal opportunity for all people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I would do everything I could in my power to bring that about.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. Hilliard, would you repeat your question for President Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
the decline of our cities has been hastened by the continual rise in crime, strained race relations, the fall in the quality of public education, persistence of abnormal poverty in a rich nation, and a decline in services to the public.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The signs seem to point toward deterioration that could lead to the establishment of a permanent underclass in the cities.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What, specifically, would you do in the next four years to reverse this trend.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you, Mr. Hilliard.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
When I was campaigning in 1976, everywhere I went, the mayors and local officials were in despair about the rapidly deteriorating central cities of our nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We initiated a very fine urban renewal program, working with the mayors, the governors, and other interested officials.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
This has been a very successful effort.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
That's one of the main reasons that we've had such an increase in the number of people employed.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Of the nine million people put to work in new jobs since I've been in office, 1.3 million of those has been among black Americans, and another million among those who speak Spanish.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We now are planning to continue the revitalization program with increased commitments of rapid transit, mass transit.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Under the windfall profits tax, we expect to spend about $43 billion in the next 10 years to rebuild the transportation systems of our country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We also are pursuing housing programs.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've had a 73% increase in the allotment of Federal funds for improved education.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
These are the kinds of efforts worked on a joint basis with community leaders, particularly in the minority areas of the central cities that have been deteriorating so rapidly in the past.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It's very important to us that this be done with the full involvement of minority citizens.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have brought into the top level, top levels of government, into the White House, into administrative offices of the Executive branch, into the judicial system, highly qualified black and Spanish citizens and women who in the past had been excluded.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I noticed that Governor Reagan said that when he was a young man that there was no knowledge of a racial problem in this country.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Those who suffered from discrimination because of race or sex certainly knew we had a racial problem.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have gone a long way toward correcting these problems, but we still have a long way to go.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Follow-up question?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, I would like to repeat the same follow-up to you.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Blacks and other non-whites are increasing in numbers in our cities.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Many of them feel that they are facing a hostility from whites that prevents them from joining the economic mainstream of our society.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is racial confrontation in the schools, on jobs, and in housing, as non-whites seek to reap the benefits of a free society.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What is your assessment of the nation's future as a multi-racial society?	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Ours is a nation of refugees, a nation of immigrants.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Almost all of our citizens came here from other lands and now have hopes, which are being realized, for a better life, preserving their ethnic commitments, their family structures, their religious beliefs, preserving their relationships with their relatives in foreign countries, but still holding themselves together in a very coherent society, which gives our nation its strength.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the past, those minority groups have often been excluded from participation in the affairs of government.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Since I've been President, I've appointed, for instance, more than twice as many black Federal judges as all previous presidents in the history of this country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've done the same thing in the appointment of women, and also Spanish-speaking Americans.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
To involve them in the administration of government and the feeling that they belong to the societal structure that makes decisions in the judiciary and in the executive branch is a very important commitment which I am trying to realize and will continue to do so in the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, you have a minute for rebuttal.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The President talks of Government programs, and they have their place.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But as governor, when I was at that end of the line and receiving some of these grants for Government programs, I saw that so many of them were dead-end.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
They were public employment that these people who really want to get out into the private job market where there are jobs with a future.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, the President spoke a moment ago about that I was against the minimum wage.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I wish he could have been with me when I sat with a group of teenagers who were black, and who were telling me about their unemployment problems, and that it was the minimum wage that had done away with the jobs that they once could get.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And indeed, every time it has increased you will find there is an increase in minority unemployment among young people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And therefore, I have been in favor of a separate minimum for them.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
With regard to the great progress that has been made with this Government spending, the rate of black unemployment in Detroit, Michigan, is 56%.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you have the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It's obvious that we still have a long way to go in fully incorporating the minority groups into the mainstream of American life.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have made good progress, and there is no doubt in my mind that the commitment to unemployment compensation, the minimum wage, welfare, national health insurance, those kinds of commitments that have typified the Democratic party since ancient history in this country's political life are a very important element of the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
In all those elements, Governor Reagan has repeatedly spoken out against them, which, to me, shows a very great insensitivity to giving deprived families a better chance in life.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
This, to me, is a very important difference between him and me in this election, and I believe the American people will judge accordingly.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is no doubt in my mind that in the downtown central cities, with the, with the new commitment on an energy policy, with a chance to revitalize homes and to make them more fuel efficient, with a chance for our synthetic fuels program, solar power, this will give us an additional opportunity for jobs which will pay rich dividends.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, a question from Barbara Walters.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, the eyes of the country tonight are on the hostages in Iran.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I realize this is a sensitive area, but the question of how we respond to acts of terrorism goes beyond this current crisis.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Other countries have policies that determine how they will respond.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Israel, for example, considers hostages like soldiers and will not negotiate with terrorists.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
For the future, Mr. President, the country has a right to know, do you have a policy for dealing with terrorism wherever it might happen, and, what have we learned from this experience in Iran that might cause us to do things differently if this, or something similar, happens again?	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Barbara, one of the blights on this world is the threat and the activities of terrorists.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
At one of the recent economic summit conferences between myself and the other leaders of the western world, we committed ourselves to take strong action against terrorism.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Airplane hijacking was one of the elements of that commitment.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is no doubt that we have seen in recent years - in recent months - additional acts of violence against Jews in France and, of course, against those who live in Israel, by the PLO and other terrorist organizations.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Ultimately, the most serious terrorist threat is if one of those radical nations, who believe in terrorism as a policy, should have atomic weapons.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Both I and all my predecessors have had a deep commitment to controlling the proliferation of nuclear weapons.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In countries like Libya or Iraq, we have even alienated some of our closest trade partners because we have insisted upon the control of the spread of nuclear weapons to those potentially terrorist countries.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
When Governor Reagan has been asked about that, he makes the very disturbing comment that non-proliferation, or the control of the spread of nuclear weapons, is none of our business.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And recently when he was asked specifically about Iraq, he said there is nothing we can do about it.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This ultimate terrorist threat is the most fearsome of all, and it's part of a pattern where our country must stand firm to control terrorism of all kinds.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Ms. Walters, a follow up?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
While we are discussing policy, had Iran not taken American hostages.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I assume that, in order to preserve our neutrality, we would have stopped the flow of spare parts and vital war materials once war broke out between Iraq and Iran.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now we're offering to lift the ban on such goods if they let our people come home.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Doesn't this reward terrorism, compromise our neutrality, and possibly antagonize nations now friendly to us in the Middle East?	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We will maintain our position of neutrality in the Iran and Iraq war.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have no plans to sell additional materiel or goods to Iran, that might be of a warlike nature.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
When I made my decision to stop all trade with Iran as a result of the taking of our hostages, I announced then, and have consistently maintained since then, that if the hostages are released safely, we would make delivery on those items which Iran owns - which they have bought and paid for - also, that the frozen Iranian assets would be released.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That's been a consistent policy, one I intend to carry out.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Would you repeat the question now for Governor Reagan, please, Ms. Walters?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor, the eyes of the country tonight remain on the hostages in Iran, but the question of how we respond to acts of terrorism goes beyond this current crisis.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
There are other countries that have policies that determine how they will respond.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Israel, for example, considers hostages like soldiers and will not negotiate with terrorists.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
For the future, the country has the right to know, do you have a policy for dealing with terrorism wherever it might happen, and what have we learned from this experience in Iran that might cause us to do things differently if this, or something similar, should happen again?	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Barbara, you've asked that question twice.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think you ought to have at least one answer to it.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have been accused lately of having a secret plan with regard to the hostages.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, this comes from an answer that I've made at least 50 times during this campaign to the press, when I am asked have you any ideas of what you would do if you were there?	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I said, well, yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I think that anyone that's seeking this position, as well as other people, probably, have thought to themselves, what about this, what about that?	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
These are just ideas of what I would think of if I were in that position and had access to the information, and which I would know all the options that were open to me.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have never answered the question, however; second, the one that says, well, tell me, what are some of those ideas?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
First of all, I would be fearful that I might say something that was presently under way or in negotiations, and thus expose it and endanger the hostages, and sometimes, I think some of my ideas might require quiet diplomacy where you don't say in advance, or say to anyone, what it is you're thinking of doing.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Your question is difficult to answer, because, in the situation right now, no one wants to say anything that would inadvertently delay, in any way, the return of those hostages if there if there is a chance that they're coming home soon, or that might cause them harm.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
What I do think should be done, once they are safely here with their families, and that tragedy is over - we've endured this humiliation for just lacking one week of a year now - then, I think, it is time for us to have a complete investigation as to the diplomatic efforts that were made in the beginning, why they have been there so long, and when they came home, what did we have to do in order to bring that about - what arrangements were made?	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I would suggest that Congress should hold such an investigation.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the meantime, I'm going to continue praying that they'll carne home.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Follow up question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would like to say that neither candidate answered specifically the question of a specific policy for dealing with terrorism, but I will ask Governor Reagan a different follow-up question.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have suggested that there would be no Iranian crisis had you been President, because we would have given firmer support to the Shah.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But Iran is a country of 37 million people who are resisting a government that they regarded as dictatorial.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
My question is not whether the Shah's regime was preferable to the Ayatollah's, but whether the United States has the power or the right to try to determine what form of government any country will have, and do we back unpopular regimes whose major merit is that they are friendly to the United States?	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The degree of unpopularity of a regime when the choice is total authoritarianism totalitarianism, I should say, in the alternative government, makes one wonder whether you are being helpful to the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we've been guilty of that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Because someone didn't meet exactly our standards of human rights, even though they were an ally of ours, instead of trying patiently to persuade them to change their ways, we have, in a number of instances, aided a revolutionary overthrow which results in complete totalitarianism, instead, for those people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think that this is a kind of a hypocritical policy when, at the same time, we're maintaining a detente with the one nation in the world where there are no human rights at all - the Soviet Union.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, there was a second phase in the Iranian affair in which we had something to do with that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And that was, we had adequate warning that there was a threat to our embassy, and we could have done what other embassies did - either strengthen our security there, or remove our personnel before the kidnap and the takeover took place.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor, I'm sorry, I must interrupt.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you have a minute for rebuttal.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I didn't hear any comment from Governor Reagan about what he would do to stop or reduce terrorism in the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What the Western allies did decide to do is to stop all air flights - commercial air flights - to any nation involved in terrorism or the hijacking of air planes, or the harboring of hijackers.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Secondly, we all committed ourselves, as have all my predecessors in the Oval Office not to permit the spread of nuclear weapons to a terrorist nation, or to any other nation that does not presently have those weapons or capabilities for explosives.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Third, not to make any sales of materiel or weapons to a nation which is involved in terrorist activities.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And, lastly, not to deal with the PLO until and unless the PLO recognizes Israel's right to exist and recognizes UN Resolution 242 as a basis for Middle East peace.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
These are a few of the things to which our nation is committed, and we will continue with these commitments.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, you have the last word on that question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have no quarrel whatsoever with the things that have been done, because I believe it is high time that the civilized countries of the world made it plain that there is no room worldwide for terrorism; there will be no negotiation with terrorists of any kind.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And while I have a last word here, I would like to correct a misstatement of fact by the President.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have never made the statement that he suggested about nuclear proliferation and nuclear proliferation, or the trying to halt it, would be a major part of a foreign policy of mine.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you gentlemen.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is the first half of the debate.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, the rules for the second half are quite simple.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
They're only complicated when I explain them.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the second half, the panelists with me will have no follow-up questions.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Instead, after the panelists have asked a question, and the candidates have answered, each of the candidates will have two opportunities to follow up,.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
to question, to rebut, or just to comment on his opponent's statement.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan will respond, in this section, to the first question from Marvin Stone.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan - arms control: The President said it was the single most important issue.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Both of you have expressed the desire to end the nuclear arms race with Russia, but by methods that are vastly different.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You suggest that we scrap the SALT II treaty already negotiated, and intensify the build-up of American power to induce the Soviets to sign a new treaty - one more favorable to us.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, on the other hand, says he will again try to convince a reluctant Congress to ratify the present treaty on the grounds it's the best we can hope to get.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, both of you cannot be right.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Will you tell us why you think you are?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think I'm right because I believe that we must have a consistent foreign policy, a strong America, and a strong economy.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And then, as we build up our national security, to restore our margin of safety, we at the same time try to restrain the Soviet build-up, which has been going forward at a rapid pace, and for quite some time.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The SALT II treaty was the result of negotiations that Mr. Carter's team entered into after he had asked the Soviet Union for a discussion of actual reduction of nuclear strategic weapons.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And his emissary, I think, came home in 12 hours having heard a very definite nyet.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But taking that one no from the Soviet Union, we then went back into negotiations on their terms, because Mr. Carter had canceled the B-I bomber, delayed the MX, delayed the Trident submarine, delayed the cruise missile, shut down the Missile Man - the three - the Minuteman missile production line, and whatever other things that might have been done.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The Soviet Union sat at the table knowing that we had gone forward with unilateral concessions without any reciprocation from them whatsoever.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, I have not blocked the SALT II treaty, as Mr. Carter and Mr. Mondale suggest I have.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It has been blocked by a Senate in which there is a Democratic majority.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Indeed, the Senate Armed Services Committee voted 10 to 0, with seven abstentions, against the SALT II treaty, and declared that it was not in the national security interests of the United States.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Besides which, it is illegal, because the law of the land, passed by Congress, says that we cannot accept a treaty in which we are not equal.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we are not equal in this treaty for one reason alone - our B-2 bombers are considered to be strategic weapons; their Backfire bombers are not.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor, I have to interrupt you at that point.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The time is up for that.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But the same question now to President Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, both of you have expressed the desire to end the nuclear arms race with Russia, but through vastly different methods.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The Governor suggests we scrap the SALT II treaty which you negotiated in Vienna or signed in Vienna, intensify the build-up of American power to induce the Soviets to sign a new treaty, one more favorable to us.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You, on the other hand, say you will again try to convince a reluctant Congress to ratify the present treaty on the grounds it is the best we can hope to get from the Russians.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You cannot both be right.	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Will you tell us why you think you are?	STONE	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, I'd be glad to.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Inflation.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
unemployment, the cities are all very important issues, but they pale into insignificance in the life and duties of a President when compared with the control of nuclear weapons.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Every President who has served in the Oval Office since Harry Truman has been dedicated to the proposition of controlling nuclear weapons.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
To negotiate with the Soviet Union a balanced, controlled, observable, and then reducing levels of atomic weaponry, there is a disturbing pattern in the attitude of Governor Reagan.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
He has never supported any of those arms control agreements - the limited test ban, SALT I, nor the Antiballistic Missile Treaty, nor the Vladivostok Treaty negotiated with the Soviet Union by President Ford - and now he wants to throw into the wastebasket a treaty to control nuclear weapons on a balanced and equal basis between ourselves and the Soviet Union, negotiated over a seven-year period, by myself and my two Republican predecessors.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The Senate has not voted yet on the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
There have been preliminary skirmishing in the committees of the Senate, but the Treaty has never come to the floor of the Senate for either a debate or a vote.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It's understandable that a Senator in the preliminary debates can make an irresponsible statement, or, maybe, an ill-advised statement.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
You've got 99 other senators to correct that mistake, if it is a mistake.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But when a man who hopes to be President says, take this treaty, discard it, do not vote, do not debate, do not explore the issues, do not finally capitalize on this long negotiation - that is a very dangerous and disturbing thing.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, you have an opportunity to rebut that.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, I'd like to respond very much.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
First of all, the Soviet Union if I have been critical of some of the previous agreements, it's because we've been out-negotiated for quite a long time.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And they have managed, in spite of all of our attempts at arms limitation, to go forward with the biggest military build-up in the history of man.	Howard Smith	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, to suggest that because two Republican presidents tried to pass the SALT treaty - that puts them on its side - I would like to say that President Ford, who was within 90% of a treaty that we could be in agreement with when he left office, is emphatically against this SALT treaty.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would like to point out also that senators like Henry Jackson and Hollings of South Carolina - they are taking the lead in the fight against this particular treaty.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I am not talking of scrapping.	Howard Smith	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I am talking of taking the treaty back, and going back into negotiations.	Howard Smith	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I would say to the Soviet Union, we will sit and negotiate with you as long as it takes, to have not only legitimate arms limitation, but to have a reduction of these nuclear weapons to the point that neither one of us represents a threat to the other.	Howard Smith	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is hardly throwing away a treaty and being opposed to arms limitation.	Howard Smith	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan is making some very misleading and disturbing statements.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
He not only advocates the scrapping of this treaty - and I don't know that these men that he quotes are against the treaty in its final form - but he also advocates the possibility, he said it's been a missing element, of playing a trump card against the Soviet Union of a nuclear arms race, and is insisting upon nuclear superiority by our own nation, as a predication for negotiation in the future with the Soviet Union.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
If President Brezhnev said, we will scrap this treaty, negotiated under three American Presidents over a seven-year period of time, we insist upon nuclear superiority as a basis for future negotiations, and we believe that the launching of a nuclear arms race is a good basis for future negotiations, it's obvious that I, as President, and all Americans, would reject such a proposition.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This would mean the resumption of a very dangerous nuclear arms race.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It would be very disturbing to American people.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It would change the basic tone and commitment that our nation has experienced ever since the Second World War, with al Presidents, Democratic and Republican.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And it would also be very disturbing to our allies, all of whom support this nuclear arms treaty.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In addition to that, the adversarial relationship between ourselves and the Soviet Union would undoubtedly deteriorate very rapidly.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This attitude is extremely dangerous and belligerent in its tone, although it's said with a quiet voice.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I know the President's supposed to be replying to me, but sometimes, I have a hard time in connecting what he's saying, with what I have said or what my positions are.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I sometimes think he's like the witch doctor that gets mad when a good doctor comes along with a cure that'll work.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
My point I have made already, Mr. President, with regard to negotiating: it does not call for nuclear superiority on the part of the United States.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It calls for a mutual reduction of these weapons, as I say, that neither of us can represent a threat to the other.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And to suggest that the SALT II treaty that your negotiators negotiated was just a continuation, and based on all of the preceding efforts by two previous Presidents, is just not true.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It was a new negotiation because, as I say, President Ford was within about 10% of having a solution that could be acceptable.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I think our allies would be very happy to go along with a fair and verifiable SALT agreement.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you have the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think, to close out this discussion, it would be better to put into perspective what we're talking about.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I had a discussion with my daughter, Amy, the other day, before I came here, to ask her what the most important issue was.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
She said she thought nuclear weaponry - and the control of nuclear arms.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is a formidable force.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Some of these weapons have 10 megatons of explosion.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
If you put 50 tons of TNT in each one of railroad cars, you would have a carload of TNT - a trainload of TNT stretching across this nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That's one major war explosion in a warhead.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have thousands, equivalent of megaton, or million tons, of TNT warheads.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The control of these weapons is the single major responsibility of a President, and to cast out this commitment of all Presidents, because of some slight technicalities that can be corrected, is a very dangerous approach.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have to go to another question now, from Harry Ellis to President Carter.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, as you have said, Americans, through conservation, are importing much less oil today than we were even a year ago.	HARRYELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yet U.S. dependence on Arab oil as a percentage of total imports is today much higher than it was at the time of the 1973 Arab oil embargo, and for some time to came, the loss of substantial amounts of Arab oil could plunge the U.S. into depression.	HARRYELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This means that a bridge must be built out of this dependence.	HARRYELLIS	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Can the United States develop synthetic fuels and other alternative energy sources without damage to the environment, and will this process mean steadily higher fuel bills for American families?	HARRYELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I don't think there's any doubt that, in the future, the cost of oil is going to go up.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
What I've had as a basic commitment since I've been President is to reduce our dependence on foreign oil.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It can only be done in two ways: one, to conserve energy - to stop the waste of energy - and, secondly, to produce more American energy.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've been very successful in both cases.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've now reduced the importing of foreign oil in the last year alone by one-third.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We imported today 2 million barrels of oil less than we did the same date just a year ago.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This commitment has been opening up a very bright vista for our nation in the future, because with the windfall profits tax as a base, we now have an opportunity to use American technology and American ability and American natural resources to expand rapidly the production of synthetic fuels, yes; to expand rapidly the production of solar energy, yes; and also to produce the traditional kinds of American energy.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We will drill more oil and gas wells this year than any year in history.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We'll produce more coal this year than any year in history.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We are exporting more coal this year than any year in history.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we have an opportunity now with improved transportation systems and improved loading facilities in our ports, to see a very good opportunity on a world international market, to replace OPEC oil with American coal as a basic energy source.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This exciting future will not only give us more energy security, but will also open up vast opportunities for Americans to live a better life and to have millions of new jobs associated with this new and very dynamic industry now in prospect because of the new energy policy that we've put into effect.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Would you repeat the question now for Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, Americans, through conservation, are importing much less oil today than we were even a year ago.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And yet, U.S. reliance on Arab oil as a percentage of total imports is much higher today than it was during the 1973 Arab oil embargo.	ELLIS	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the substantial loss of Arab oil could plunge the United States into depression.	ELLIS	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The question is whether the development of alternative energy sources, in order to reduce this dependence, can be done without damaging the environment, and will it mean for American families steadily higher fuel bills?	ELLIS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm not so sure that it means steadily higher fuel costs, but I do believe that this nation has been portrayed for too long a time to the people as being energy-poor when it is energy-rich.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The coal that the President mentioned - yes, we have it - and yet one-eighth of our total coal resources is not being utilized at all right now.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The mines are closed down; there are 22000 miners out of work.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Most of this is due to regulations which either interfere with the mining of it or prevent the burning of it:.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
With our modern technology, yes, we can burn our coal within the limits of the Clean Air Act.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think, as technology improves, we'll be able to do even better with that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The other thing is that we have only leased out - begun to explore - 2% of our outer continental shelf for oil, where it is believed, by everyone familiar with that fuel and that source of energy, that there are vast supplies yet to be found.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Our Government has, in the last year or so, taken out of multiple use millions of acres of public lands that once were - well, they were public lands subject to multiple use - exploration for minerals and so forth.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It is believed that probably 70% of the potential oil in the United States is probably hidden in those lands, and no one is allowed to even go and explore to find out if it is there.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is particularly true of the recent efforts to shut down part of Alaska.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
There were 36 power plants planned in this country.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And let me add the word safety; it must be done with the utmost of safety.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But 32 of those have given up and canceled their plans to build, and again, because Government regulations and permits, and so forth, take - make it take - more than twice as long to build a nuclear plant in the United States as it does to build one in Japan or in Western Europe.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have the sources here.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We are energy rich, and coal is one of the great potentials we have.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, your comment?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
To repeat myself, we have this year the opportunity, which we'll realize, to produce 800 million tons of coal - an unequaled record in the history of our country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan says that this is not a good achievement, and he blames restraints on coal production on regulations - regulations that affect the life and the health and safety of miners, and also regulations that protect the purity of our air and the quality our water and our land.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We cannot cast aside these regulations.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have a chance in the next 15 years, insisting upon the health and safety of workers in the mines, and also preserving the same high air and water pollution standards, to triple the amount of coal we produce.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan's approach to our energy policy, which has already proven its effectiveness, is to repeal, or to change substantially, the windfall profits tax - to return a major portion of $227 billion back to the oil companies; to do away with the Department of Energy; to short-circuit our synthetic fuels program; to put a minimal emphasis on solar power; to emphasize strongly nuclear power plants as a major source of energy in the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
He wants to put all our eggs in one basket and give that basket to the major oil companies.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is a misstatement, of course, of my position.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I just happen to believe that free enterprise can do a better job of producing the things that people need than government can.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The Department of Energy has a multi-billion-dollar budget in excess of $10 billion.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It hasn't produced a quart of oil or a lump of coal, or anything else in the line of energy.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And for Mr. Carter to suggest that I want to do away with the safety laws and with the laws that pertain to clean water and clean air, and so forth.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
As Governor of California, I took charge of passing the strictest air pollution laws in the United States - the strictest air quality law that has even been adopted in the United States.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we created an OSHA - an Occupational Safety and Health Agency - for the protection of employees before the Federal Government had one in place.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And to this day, not one of its decisions or rulings has ever been challenged.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
So, I think some of those charges are missing the point.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I am suggesting that there are literally thousands of unnecessary regulations that invade every facet of business, and indeed, very much of our personal lives, that are unnecessary; that Government can do without; that have added $130 billion to the cost of production in this country; and that are contributing their part to inflation.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I would like to see us a little more free, as we once were.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, another crack at that?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Sure.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
As a matter of fact,.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
the air pollution standard laws that were passed in California were passed over the objections of Governor Reagan, and this is a very well-known fact.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Also, recently, when someone suggested that the Occupational Safety and Health Act should be abolished, Governor Reagan responded, amen.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The offshore drilling rights is a question that Governor Reagan raises often.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
As a matter of fact, in the proposal for the Alaska lands legislation, 100% of all the offshore lands would be open for exploration, and 95% of all the Alaska lands, where it is suspected or believed that minerals might exist.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have, with our five-year plan for the leasing of offshore lands, proposed more land to be drilled than has been opened up for drilling since this program first started in 1954.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
So we're not putting restraints on American exploration, we're encouraging it in every way we can.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, you have the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
If it is a well-known fact that I opposed air pollution laws in California, the only thing I can possibly think of is that the President must be suggesting the law that the Federal Government tried to impose on the State of California - not a law, but regulations - that would have made it impossible to drive an automobile within the city limits of any California city, or to have a place to put it if you did drive it against their regulations.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It would have destroyed the economy of California, and, I must say, we had the support of Congress when we pointed out how ridiculous this attempt was by the Environmental Protection Agency.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We still have the strictest air control, or air pollution laws in the country.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
As for offshore oiling, only 2% now is so leased and is producing oil.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The rest, as to whether the lands are going to be opened in the next five years or so - we're already five years behind in what we should be doing.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is more oil now, in the wells that have been drilled, than has been taken out in 121 years that they've been drilled.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you Governor.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you, Mr. President.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The next question goes to Governor Reagan from William Hilliard.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, wage earners in this country - especially the young - are supporting a Social Security system that continues to affect their income drastically.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The system is fostering a struggle between the young and the old, and is drifting the country toward a polarization of these two groups.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
How much longer can the young wage earner expect to bear the ever-increasing burden of the Social Security system?	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The Social Security system was based on a false premise, with regard to how fast the number of workers would increase and how fast the number of retirees would increase.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It is actuarially out of balance, and this first became evident about 16 years ago, and some of us were voicing warnings then.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, it is trillions of dollars out of balance, and the only answer that has come so far is the biggest single tax increase in our nation's history - the payroll tax increase for Social Security - which will only put a band-aid on this and postpone the day of reckoning by a few years at most.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
What is needed is a study that I have proposed by a task force of experts to look into this entire problem as to how it can be reformed and made actuarially sound, but with the premise that no one presently dependent on Social Security is going to have the rug pulled out from under them and not get their check.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We cannot frighten, as we have with the threats and the campaign rhetoric that has gone on in this campaign, our senior citizens - leave them thinking that in some way, they're endangered and they would have no place to turn.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
They must continue to get those checks, and I believe that the system can be put on a sound actuarial basis.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
But it's going to take some study and some work, and not just passing a tax increase to let the load - or the roof - fall in on the next administration.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Would you repeat that question for President Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, wage earners in this country, especially the young, are supporting a Social Security System that continues to affect their income drastically.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The system is fostering a struggle between young and old and is drifting the country toward a polarization of these two groups.	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
How much longer can the young wage earner expect to bear the ever-increasing burden of the Social Security System?	HILLIARD	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
As long as there is a Democratic President in the White House, we will have a strong and viable Social Security System, free of the threat of bankruptcy.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Although Governor Reagan has changed his position lately, on four different occasions, he has advocated making Social Security a voluntary system, which would, in effect, very quickly bankrupt it.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I noticed also in The Wall Street Journal early this week, that a preliminary report of his task force advocates making Social Security more sound by reducing the adjustment in Social Security for the retired people to compensate for the impact of inflation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
These kinds of approaches are very dangerous to the security, the well being and the peace of mind of the retired people of this country and those approaching retirement age.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
But no matter what it takes in the future to keep Social Security sound, it must be kept that way.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And although there was a serious threat to the Social Security System and its integrity during the 1976 campaign and when I became President, the action of the Democratic Congress working with me has been to put Social Security back on a sound financial basis.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is the way it will stay.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well, that just isn't true.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It has, as I said, delayed the actuarial imbalance falling on us for just a few years with that increase in taxes, and I don't believe we can go on increasing the tax, because the problem for the young people today is that they are paying in far more than they can ever expect to get out.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, again this statement that somehow, I wanted to destroy it and I just changed my tune, that I am for voluntary Social Security, which would mean the ruin of it.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, the voluntary thing that I suggested many years ago was that with a young man orphaned and raised by an aunt who died, his aunt was ineligible for Social Security insurance because she was not his mother.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I suggested that if this is an insurance program, certainly the person who is paying in should be able to name his own beneficiary.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is the closest I have ever come to anything voluntary with Social Security.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I, too, am pledged to a Social Security program that will reassure these senior citizens of ours that they are going to continue to get their money.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
There are some changes that I would like to make.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would like to make a change in the regulation that discriminates against a wife who works and finds that she then is faced with a choice between her father's or her husband's benefits, if he dies first, or what she has paid in; but it does not recognize that she has also been paying in herself, and she is entitled to more than she presently can get.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'd like to change that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter's rebuttal now.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
These constant suggestions that the basic Social Security System should be changed does call for concern and consternation among the aged of our country.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It is obvious that we should have a commitment to them, that Social Security benefits should not be taxed and that there would be no peremptory change in the standards by which Social Security payments are made to retired people.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We also need to continue to index Social Security payments, so that if inflation rises, the Social Security payments would rise a commensurate degree to let the buying power of a Social Security check continue intact.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In the past, the relationship between Social Security and Medicare has been very important to providing some modicum of aid for senior citizens in the retention of health benefits.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, as a matter of fact, began his political career campaigning around this nation against Medicare.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, we have an opportunity to move toward national health insurance, with an emphasis on the prevention of disease, an emphasis on out-patient care, not in-patient care; an emphasis on hospital cost containment to hold down the cost of hospital care far those who are ill, an emphasis on catastrophic health insurance, so that if a family is threatened with being wiped out economically because of a very high medical bill, then the insurance would help pay for it.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
These are the kinds of elements of a national health insurance, important to the American people.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, again, typically is against such a proposal.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
When I opposed Medicare, there was another piece of legislation meeting the same problem before the Congress.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I happened to favor the other piece of legislation and thought that it would be better for the senior citizens and provide better care than the one that was finally passed.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I was not opposing the principle of providing care for them.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I was opposing one piece of legislation versus another.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is something else about Social Security.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Of course, it doesn't come out of the payroll tax.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
It comes out of a general fund, but something should be done about it.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think it is disgraceful that the Disability Insurance Fund in Social Security finds checks going every month to tens of thousands of people who are locked up in our institutions for crime or for mental illness, and they are receiving disability checks from Social Security every month while a state institution provides for all of their needs and their care.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you have the last word on this question.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think this debate on Social Security, Medicare, national health insurance typifies, as vividly any other subject tonight, the basic historical differences between the Democratic Party and Republican Party.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The allusions to basic changes in the minimum wage is another, and the deleterious comments that Governor Reagan has made about unemployment compensation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
These commitments that the Democratic Party has historically made to the working families of this nation have been extremely important to the growth in their stature and in a better quality of life for them.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I noticed recently that Governor Reagan frequently quotes Democratic presidents in his acceptance address.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have never heard a candidate for President, who is a Republican, quote a Republican president, but when they get in office, they try to govern like Republicans.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
So, it is good fo the American people to remember that there is a sharp basic historical difference between Governor Reagan and me on these crucial issues - also, between the two parties that we represent.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you Mr. President, Governor Reagan.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
We now go to another question - a question to President Carter by Barbara Waiters.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have addressed some of the major issues tonight, but the biggest issue in the mind of American voters is yourselves - your ability to lead this country.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
When many voters go into that booth just a week from today, they will be voting their gut instinct about you men.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
You have already given us your reasons why people should vote for you, now would you please tell us for this your final question, why they should not vote for your opponent, why his Presidency could be harmful to the nation and, having examined both your opponent's record and the man himself, tell us his greatest weakness.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Barbara, reluctant as I am to say anything critical about Governor Reagan, I will try to answer your question.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
First of all, there is the historical perspective that I just described.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is a contest between a Democrat in the mainstream of my party, as exemplified by the actions that I have taken in the Oval Office the last four years, as contrasted with Governor Reagan, who in most cases does typify his party, but in some cases, there is a radical departure by him from the heritage of Eisenhower and others.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
The most important crucial difference in this election campaign, in my judgment, is the approach to the control of nuclear weaponry and the inclination to control or not to control the spread of atomic weapons to other nations who don't presently have it, particularly terrorist nations.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The inclination that Governor Reagan has exemplified in many troubled times since he has been running for President - I think since 1968 - to inject American military forces in places like North Korea, to put a blockade around Cuba this year, or in some instances, to project American forces into a fishing dispute against the small nation of Ecuador on the west coast of South America.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This is typical of his long-standing inclination, on the use of American power, not to resolve disputes diplomatically and peacefully, but to show that the exercise of military power is best proven by the actual use of it.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Obviously, no President wants war, and I certainly do not believe that Governor Reagan, if he were President, would want war, but a President in the Oval Office has to make a judgment on almost a daily basis about how to exercise the enormous power of our country for peace, through diplomacy, or in a careless way in a belligerent attitude which has exemplified his attitudes in the past.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Barbara, would you repeat the question for Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, thank you.	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Realizing that you may be equally reluctant to speak ill of your opponent, may I ask why people should not vote for your opponent, why his Presidency could be harmful to the nation, and having examined both your opponent's record and the man himself, could you tell us his greatest weakness?	WALTERS	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well, Barbara, I believe that there is a fundamental difference - and I think it has been evident in most of the answers that Mr. Carter has given tonight - that he seeks the solution to anything as another opportunity for a Federal Government program.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I happen to believe that the Federal Government has usurped powers of autonomy and authority that belong back at the state and local level.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It has imposed on the individual freedoms of the people, and there are more of these things that could be solved by the people themselves, if they were given a chance, or by the levels of government that were closer to them.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Now, as to why I should be and he shouldn't be, when he was a candidate in 1976, President Carter invented a thing he called the misery index.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
He added the rate of unemployment and the rate of inflation, and it came, at that time, to 12.5% under President Ford.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
He said that no man with that size misery index has a right to seek reelection to the Presidency.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Today, by his own decision, the misery index is in excess of 20%, and I think this must suggest something.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But, when I had quoted a Democratic President, as the President says, I was a Democrat.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I said many foolish things back in those days.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But the President that I quoted had made a promise, a Democratic promise, and I quoted him because it was never kept.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And today, you would find that that promise is at the very heart of what Republicanism represents in this country today.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
That's why I believe there are going to be millions of Democrats that are going to vote with us this time around, because they too want that promise kept.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It was a promise for less government and less taxes and more freedom for the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I mentioned the radical departure of Governor Reagan from the principles or ideals of historical perspective of his own party.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I don't think that can be better illustrated than in the case of guaranteeing women equal rights under the Constitution of our nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
For 40 years, the Republican Party platforms called for guaranteeing women equal rights with a constitutional amendment.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Six predecessors of mine who served in the Oval Office called for this guarantee of women's rights.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan and his new Republican Party have departed from this commitment - a very severe blow to the opportunity for women to finally correct discrimination under which they have suffered.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
When a man and a women do the same amount of work, a man gets paid $1.00, a women only gets paid 59 cents.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the equal rights amendment only says that equality of rights shall not be abridged for omen b the Federal Government or by he state governments.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
That is all it says a simple guarantee of equality of opportunity which typifies the Democratic arty, and which is a very important commitment of mine, as contrasted with Governor Reagan's radical departure from the long-standing policy of his own party.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Mr. President, once again, I happen to be against the amendment, because I think the amendment will take this problem out of the hands of elected legislators and put it in the hands f unelected judges.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I am for equal rights, and while you have been in office for four ears and not one single state - and most f them have a majority of Democratic legislators - has added to the ratification r voted to ratify the equal rights amendment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
While I was Governor, more than eight years ago, I found 14 separate instances where women were discriminated against in the body of California law, and I had passed and signed into law 14 statutes that eliminated those discriminations, including the economic ones that you have just mentioned - equal pay and so forth.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I believe that if in all these years that we have spent trying to get the amendment, that we had spent as much time correcting these laws, as we did in California - and we were the first to do it.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
If I were President, I would also now take a look at the hundreds of Federal regulations which discriminate against women and which go right on while everyone is looking for an amendment.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would have someone ride herd on those regulations, and we would start eliminating those discriminations in the Federal Government against women.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Howard, I'm a Southerner, and I share the basic beliefs of my region that an excessive government intrusion into the private affairs of American citizens and also into the private affairs of the free enterprise system.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
One of the commitments that I made was to deregulate the major industries of this country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We've been remarkably successful, with the help of a Democratic Congress.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have deregulated the air industry, the rail industry, the trucking industry, financial institutions.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We're now working on the communications industry.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In addition to that, I believe that this element of discrimination is something that the South has seen so vividly as a blight on our region of the country which has now been corrected - not only racial discrimination but discrimination against people that have to work for a living - because we have been trying to pick ourselves up by our bootstraps, since the long depression years, and lead a full and useful life in the affairs of this country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We have made remarkable success.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
It is part of my consciousness and of my commitment to continue this progress.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
So, my heritage as a Southerner, my experience in the Oval Office, convinces me that what I have just described is a proper course for the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan, yours is the last word.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Well, my last word is again to say this: We were talking about this very simple amendment and women's rights.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I make it plain again: I am for women's rights.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But I would like to call the attention of the people to the fact that that so-called simple amendment would be used by mischievous men to destroy discriminations that properly belong, by law, to women respecting the physical differences between the two sexes, labor laws that protect them against things that would be physically harmful to them.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Those would all, could all be challenged by men.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the same would be true with regard to combat service in the military and so forth.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I thought that was the subject we were supposed to be on.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But, if we're talking about how much we think about the working people and so forth, I'm the only fellow who ever ran for this job who was six times President of his own union and still has a lifetime membership in that union.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Gentlemen, each of you now has three minutes for a closing statement.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
President Carter, you're first.	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
First of all, I'd like to thank the League of Women Voters for making this debate possible.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think it's been a very constructive debate and I hope it's helped to acquaint the American people with the sharp differences between myself and Governor Reagan.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Also, I want to thank the people of Cleveland and Ohio for being such hospitable hosts during these last few hours in my life.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've been President now for almost four years.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've had to make thousands of decisions, and each one of those decisions has been a learning process.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've seen the strength of my nation, and I've seen the crises it approached in a tentative way.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I've had to deal with those crises as best I could.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
As I've studied the record between myself and Governor Reagan, I've been impressed with the stark differences that exist between us.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think the result of this debate indicates that that fact is true.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I consider myself in the mainstream of my party.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I consider myself in the mainstream even of the bipartisan list of Presidents who served before me.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
The United States must be a nation strong; the United States must be a nation secure.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We must have a society that's just and fair.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And we must extend the benefits of our own commitment to peace, to create a peaceful world.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I believe that since I've been in office, there have been six or eight areas of combat evolved in other parts of the world.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
In each case, I alone have had to determine the interests of my country and the degree of involvement of my country.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I've done that with moderation, with care, with thoughtfulness; sometimes consulting experts.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
But, I've learned in this last three and a half years that when an issue is extremely difficult, when the call is very close, the chances are the experts will be divided almost 50-50.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And the final judgment about the future of the nation - war, peace, involvement, reticence, thoughtfulness, care, consideration, concern - has to be made by the man in the Oval Office.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
It's a lonely job, but with the involvement of the American people in the process, with an open Government, the job is a very gratifying one.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
The American people now are facing, next Tuesday, a lonely decision.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Those listening to my voice will have to make a judgment about the future of this country.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I think they ought to remember that one vote can make a lot of difference.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
If one vote per precinct had changed in 1960, John Kennedy would never have been President of this nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And if a few more people had gone to the polls and voted in 1968, Hubert Humphrey would have been President; Richard Nixon would not.	Jimmy E. Carter	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
There is a partnership involved in our nation.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
To stay strong, to stay at peace, to raise high the banner of human rights, to set an example for the rest of the world, to let our deep beliefs and commitments be felt by others in other nations, is my plan for the future.	Jimmy E. Carter	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I ask the American people to join me in this partnership.	Jimmy E. Carter	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Governor Reagan?	Howard Smith	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Yes, I would like to add my words of thanks, too, to the ladies of the League of Women Voters for making these debates possible.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I'm sorry that we couldn't persuade the bringing in of the third candidate, so that he could have been seen also in these debates.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
But still, it's good that at least once, all three of us were heard by the people of this country.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Next Tuesday is Election Day.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Next Tuesday all of you will go to the polls, will stand there in the polling place and make a decision.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
I think when you make that decision, it might be well if you would ask yourself, are you better off than you were four years ago?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Is it easier for you to go and buy things in the stores than it was four years ago?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Is there more or less unemployment in the country than there was four years ago?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Is America as respected throughout the world as itwas?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
Do you feel that our security is as safe, that we're as strong as we were four years ago?	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
And if you answer all of those questions yes, why then, I think your choice is very obvious as to whom you will vote for.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
If you don't agree, if you don't think that this course that we've been on for the last four years is what you would like to see us follow for the next four, then I could suggest another choice that you have.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
This country doesn't have to be in the shape that it is in.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We do not have to go on sharing in scarcity with the country getting worse off, with unemployment growing.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
We talk about the unemployment lines.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980
If all of the unemployed today were in a single line allowing two feet for each of them, that line would reach from New York City to Los Angeles, California.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
All of this can be cured and all of it can be solved.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I have not had the experience the President has had in holding that office, but I think in being Governor of California, the most populous state in the Union - if it were a nation, it would be the seventh-ranking economic power in the world - I, too, had some lonely moments and decisions to make.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I know that the economic program that I have proposed for this nation in the next few years can resolve many of the problems that trouble us today.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
I know because we did it there.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We cut the cost - the increased cost of government - in half over the eight years.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We returned $5.7 billion in tax rebates, credits and cuts to our people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
We, as I have said earlier, fell below the national average in inflation when we did that.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
And I know that we did give back authority and autonomy to the people.	Ronald W. Reagan	Premise	1980	28 Oct 1980
I would like to have a crusade today, and I would like to lead that crusade with your help.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
And it would be one to take Government off the backs of the great people of this country, and turn you loose again to do those things that I know you can do so well, because you did them and made this country great.	Ronald W. Reagan	Claim	1980	28 Oct 1980
Thank you.	Ronald W. Reagan	O	1980	28 Oct 1980